Selective sensing of guanidinium and tetraalkylammonium ions using lipophilic cyclodextrins

Kelly, Patricia M.; Kataky, Ritu; Parker, David; Patti, Antonio F.

doi:10.1039/p29950001955

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Ionophores are responsible for an increase in ISE sensitivity and selectivity. To the best of our knowledge, there are only two examples of neutral synthetic ionophores that are used in the potentiometric analysis of creatinine levels . Unfortunately, the resulting ISEs did not exhibit selectivities and detection limits suitable for the analysis of biological samples.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

et al. 2016

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

et al. 2016

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“…[13] Ionophores are responsible for an increase in ISE sensitivity and selectivity.T ot he best of our knowledge,t here are only two examples of neutral synthetic ionophores that are used in the potentiometric analysis of creatinine levels. [14,15] Unfortunately,t he resulting ISEs did not exhibit selectivities and detection limits suitable for the analysis of biological samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

et al. 2016

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Current methods for creatinine quantification suffer from significant drawbacks when aiming to combine accuracy, simplicity,and affordability.Here,anunprecedented synthetic receptor,a na ryl-substituted calix [4]pyrrole with am onophosphonate bridge,i sr eported that displays remarkable affinity for creatinine and the creatininium cation. The receptor works by including the guest in its deep and polar aromatic cavity and establishing directional interactions in three dimensions.When incorporated into asuitable polymeric membrane, this molecule acts as an ionophore.Ahighly sensitive and selective potentiometric sensor suitable for the determination of creatinine levels in biological fluids,such as urine or plasma, in an accurate,f ast, simple,a nd cost-effective way has thus been developed.Considering the importance of creatinine levels with respect to human health, the methods that are currently available for its quantification are surprisingly suboptimal. Them ost widely used approach is based on the JaffØ method,[1] which was developed more than 100 years ago,a nd is rather complex, tedious,a nd suffers from problems with interference.[2] Alternative enzyme-based assays with either colorimetric or electrochemical detection have become more common during the last decades and have overcome many issues,b ut still show analytical and practical weaknesses. [3] Highly accurate results are obtained by using isotope-dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS). Unfortunately,t his approach cannot be applied in ah ightraffic routine laboratory. [4,5] In the mid 1990s,supramolecular approaches for the recognition of creatinine began to appear.Thed esigned synthetic receptors comprised an edge functionalized with convergent hydrogen-bonding sites that were complementary to creatinine. [6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, ionselective electrodes (ISEs) are among the simplest and most robust gauges of ion concentration that are already in use in routine clinical laboratories.[12] Thekey hurdle in the development of ISEs for relatively complex analytes,s uch as creatinine,i st he availability of "ionophores", synthetic receptors that preferentially bind the target molecule. [13] Ionophores are responsible for an increase in ISE sensitivity and selectivity.T ot he best of our knowledge,t here are only two examples of neutral synthetic ionophores that are used in the potentiometric analysis of creatinine levels. [14,15] Unfortunately,t he resulting ISEs did not exhibit selectivities and detection limits suitable for the analysis of biological samples.Herein, we introduce an ovel ISE that is suitable for the simple and accurate determination of creatinine levels in body fluids.T his ISE hinges on anovel calix[4]pyrrole-based ionophore, 1,w hich has as trong affinity towards creatinine (2)and the creatinine cation 2·H + (Figure 1). In contrast to its synthetic flat ("two-dimensional") predecessors, [6][7][8][9][10][11] receptor 1 has at hree-dimensional shape and includes the creatinine guest 2 in its ar...

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“…This is likely to happen via hydrogen bonding-like (Fig. 4) interactions between the amide hydrogen of creatinine with the available oxygen atom in the bCD [13]. This phenomenon can result in a reduction in the charge-transfer resistance of the modified electrode interface.…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, enzyme-less approaches using neutral carriers such as cyclodextrin and crown ethers, as ionophores for sensing biologically important molecules have received significant recent attention [13,14]. Cyclodextrins are the basket-shaped cyclic glucopyranose oligomer molecules with a hydrophobic internal cavity and hydrophilic exterior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%