“…[4][5][6][7] Pyrophosphate, a by-product of cellular hydrolysis of ATP, plays a crucial role in energy transduction, DNA polymerization, and several major metabolic processes. [8][9][10] However, the over-use of inorganic phosphates in agriculture can lead to unrestrained algal growth, followed by the breakdown and exhaustion of dissolved oxygen and, eventually, the eutrophication of aquatic habitats. [11][12][13] Since pyrophosphate is significantly involved in DNA duplication and transcription, the concentration of intracellular pyrophosphate can provide important information on essential processes such as DNA replication and, therefore, can be used to monitor or diagnose a number of diseases.…”