Selective processing of eating disorder relevant stimuli: Does the Stroop Test provide an objective measure of bulimia nervosa?

Black, Carolyn M.; Wilson, G. Terence; Labouvie, Erich W.; Heffernan, Karen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199711)22:3<329::aid-eat13>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Further, all but one of the available effect sizes across both significant and non-significant findings (Black et al, 1997) indicated greater AB to food in women with BN. No differences were found in AB to food cues between women with BN vs. AN-B/P (Léonard et al, 1997) or between women with threshold vs. subthreshold BN (Lokken et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Among studies using the Stroop task with food-related cues, the majority of studies found no significant differences in AB between women with BN and healthy controls (Black, Wilson, Labouvie, & Heffernan, 1997; Davidson & Wright, 2002; Flynn & McNally, 1999; Johansson, Carlbring, Ghaderi, & Andersson, 2008; Lee, Namkoong, & Jung, 2017; Lovell, Williams, & Hill, 1997; Perpiñá, Hemsley, Treasure, & de Silva, 1993; Perpiña, Leonard, Treasure, Bond, & Banos, 1998; Ruiz, de Leon, & Diaz, 2008; Waller & Ruddock, 1995), and six studies indicated that women with BN had greater AB to food cues compared to healthy controls (Ben-Tovim & Walker, 1991; Ben-Tovim, Walker, Fok, & Yap, 1989; Cooper & Todd, 1997; Jones-Chesters, Monsell, & Cooper, 1998; Léonard, Divac, Bichindaritz, Rouer-Saporta, & Samuel-Lajeunesse, 1997; Lokken, Marx, & Ferraro, 2006). Further, all but one of the available effect sizes across both significant and non-significant findings (Black et al, 1997) indicated greater AB to food in women with BN.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

et al. 2018

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Objective Attentional bias (AB) may be one mechanism contributing to the development and/or maintenance of disordered eating. AB has traditionally been measured using reaction time in response to a stimulus. Novel methods for AB measurement include eye tracking to measure visual fixation on a stimulus, and electroencephalography to measure brain activation in response to a stimulus. This systematic review summarizes, critiques, and integrates data on AB gathered using the above-mentioned methods in those with binge eating behaviors, including binge eating, loss of control eating, and bulimia nervosa. Method Literature searches on PubMed and PsycInfo were conducted using combinations of terms related to binge eating and biobehavioral AB paradigms. Studies using AB paradigms with three categories of stimuli were included: food, weight/shape, and threat. For studies reporting means and standard deviations of group bias scores, Hedges’ g effect sizes for group differences in AB were calculated. Results Fifty articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Individuals who binge eat in the absence of compensatory behaviors show an increased AB to food cues, but few studies have examined such individuals’ AB toward weight/shape and threatening stimuli. Individuals with bulimia nervosa consistently show an increased AB to shape/weight cues and socially threatening stimuli, but findings for AB to food cues are mixed. Discussion While there are important research gaps, preliminary evidence suggests that the combination of AB to disorder-specific cues (i.e., food and weight/shape) and AB toward threat may be a potent contributor to binge eating. This conclusion underscores previous findings on the interaction between negative affect and AB to disorder-specific cues. Recommendations for future research are provided.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

et al. 2018

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“…Other authors have not found differences between BN patients and control participants by way of a modified Stroop test 61. Similarly, Lovell et al used an emotional Stroop task and determined that women currently suffering from BN and women who had recovered from AN were found to be more distracted by shape concerns than women who had never suffered ED and women who had recovered from BN 62.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychology of eating disorders: 1995–2012

Jáuregui‐Lobera¹

2013

NDT

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Eating disorders are considered psychiatric pathologies that are characterized by pathological worry related to body shape and weight. The lack of progress in treatment development, at least in part, reflects the fact that little is known about the pathophysiologic mechanisms that account for the development and persistence of eating disorders. The possibility that patients with eating disorders have a dysfunction of the central nervous system has been previously explored; several studies assessing the relationship between cognitive processing and certain eating behaviors have been conducted. These studies aim to achieve a better understanding of the pathophysiology of such diseases. The aim of this study was to review the current state of neuropsychological studies focused on eating disorders. This was done by means of a search process covering three relevant electronic databases, as well as an additional search on references included in the analyzed papers; we also mention other published reviews obtained by handsearching.

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“…In these tasks, participants must name the color in which words related to food or eating (e.g., “cookies,” “cake,” “diet,” “butter,” and “cream”) are printed [124,125]. Reaction time and interference effects are calculated, and faster reaction times and lower interference scores on incongruent trials suggest greater inhibitory control.…”

Section: Self-regulatory Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind binge eating: A review of food-specific adaptations of neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks

Berner

Winter

Matheson

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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Recurrent binge eating, or overeating accompanied by a sense of loss of control, is a major public health concern. Identifying similarities and differences among individuals with binge eating and those with other psychiatric symptoms and characterizing the deficits that uniquely predispose individuals to eating problems are essential to improving treatment. Research suggests that altered reward and control-related processes may contribute to dysregulated eating and other impulsive behaviors in binge-eating populations, but the best methods for reliably assessing the contributions of these processes to binge eating are unclear. In this review, we summarize standard neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks that assess reward and control-related processes, describe adaptations of these tasks used to study eating and food-specific responsivity and deficits, and consider the advantages and limitations of these tasks. Future studies integrating both general and food-specific tasks with neuroimaging will improve understanding of the neurocognitive processes and neural circuits that contribute to binge eating and could inform novel interventions that more directly target or prevent this transdiagnostic behavior.

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Selective processing of eating disorder relevant stimuli: Does the Stroop Test provide an objective measure of bulimia nervosa?

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

Neuropsychology of eating disorders: 1995–2012

Behind binge eating: A review of food-specific adaptations of neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks

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Selective processing of eating disorder relevant stimuli: Does the Stroop Test provide an objective measure of bulimia nervosa?

Cited by 34 publications

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A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating

Neuropsychology of eating disorders: 1995&ndash;2012

Behind binge eating: A review of food-specific adaptations of neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks

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Neuropsychology of eating disorders: 1995–2012