Selective Method Based on Negative Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Direct Analysis of Salivary Thiocyanate

Abstract

This study describes a novel technique for direct analysis of thiocyanate in human saliva using negative electrospray-ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) and without any considerable sample pretreatment. The ESI-IMS system with nearly complete desolvation cannot be useful for salivary thiocyanate analysis because complete overlapping occurs between the format peak of the solvent and the thiocyanate peak. In addition, the chloride ions existing in saliva produce a very broad peak, which has a drastically interfering effect on SCN(-) determination. In this study, with a little change in the operation conditions of the apparatus (lowering the flow rate of the drift gas), it was possible to overcome these problems. The desolvation process was decreased in the lower flow of drift gas, and this caused the SCN(-) peak to be separated completely from other interference peaks such as chloride ions. The results obtained in this proposed methodology provide the detection limit of 0.003 microg/mL and the linear dynamic range from 0.01 to 1.00 microg/mL for the thiocyanate. Several human saliva samples were analyzed with the proposed negative ESI-IMS, and the satisfactory results confirm the capability of the method for direct analysis of salivary thiocyanate.

Determination of thiocyanate in saliva by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, following a single-step aqueous derivatization with triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate

“…In a grand average the smoking group shows a mass fraction of thiocyanate in their saliva of 145.0 ± 49.3 g/g whereas the nonsmoking group of 36.1 ± 21.7 g/g. The analytical results obtained are consistent with the data reported in the literature [9,33] which support the belief that such data can be used to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers [8]. The use of thiocyanate concentration in body fluids like saliva, however, cannot efficiently differentiate between moderate-light smokers and nonsmokers [6].…”

“…HCN may enter the body via lungs, gastrointestinal tract and skin; chronic exposure to cyanide, even at low levels, can promote the development of serious health conditions, including myelin degeneration and abnormal thyroid activity [7]. Thiocyanate is regarded as a long-term biomarker for cyanide exposure [6]; it is the first biomarker for the assessment of the internal smoking dose [6] and its determination in saliva, serum and urine is still used to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers [8][9].…”

On‐site sampling of inorganic contamination on the metal surface and analysis with capillary electrophoresis

“…The ion mobility spectra of anions are shown in Supporting Information Figure S3. The identity of each peak was confirmed by cross referencing the K 0 values measured in the current study to the K 0 values obtained in nitrogen as the drift gas by other researchers . The peak patterns can be used as anion identification since they were unique and reproducible for each anion .…”

“…In the past two decades, it has become a powerful technique for the rapid and sensitive detection of trace substances. In addition, ion mobility spectrometry has been implemented for environmental monitoring, because it is commercially available for the rapid detection and identification of trace inorganic compounds, such as nitrate, nitrite, chloride, and acetate ions have been evaluated using negative mode ion mobility spectrometry with MS from surface water .…”

Simultaneous Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate in Potato and Water Samples Using Negative Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Spectrometry

“…As this figure shows, the mobility spectrum of the background contains some ion peaks that originated from methanol as the electrospray solvent. In our previous work 24 we assigned these background ion peaks using comparisons between the calculated reduced mobility values (K0) and those obtained in other studies. This figure shows ion peaks named N1 and N2 for nitrite and nitrate, respectively.…”