Selective laser melting additive manufacturing of pure tungsten: Role of volumetric energy density on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties

Guo, Meng; Gu, Dongdong; Xi, Lixia; Zhang, Hongmei; Zhang, Jiayao; Yang, Jiankai; Wang, Rui

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.105025

Cited by 95 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…On the one hand, according to the Hall–Patch relationship, the decrease in grain size leads to an increase in yield strength . The ultimate compressive strength of the specimens with a scanning speed of 600 mm s −1 is 1197 MPa, as shown in Figure d, which reaches the highest value among our specimens and exceeds the value reported in other literature . On the other hand, the reduction of laser energy input elevated the defect level inside the samples, which slightly reduced the density of pure tungsten.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 40%

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

et al. 2020

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The processing of pure tungsten encounters a substantial challenge due to its high melting point and intrinsic brittleness. Selective laser melting (SLM) technique is gaining popularity and offers an excellent processing approach for refractory metals. Herein, dense pure tungsten specimens are produced by optimizing SLM processing parameters. The mechanical property of the SLM‐produced tungsten with an ultimate compressive strength of about 1200 MPa, which is obviously superior to that reported in other literature, is achieved. The increased laser energy input is instrumental in raising density and surface roughness of tungsten specimens. Interestingly, additional remelting of processed layers during SLM improves the surface quality and the microstructure and achieves the highest relative density (98.4% ± 0.5%). After laser remelting, the surface roughness is reduced by 28% and a large number of fine grains are obtained. The flow of fluids caused by remelting plays a decisive role in the formation of fine grains and the defect level. Therefore, these findings offer a new insight into SLM of pure tungsten.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 40%

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

et al. 2020

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“…Due to the spherical shape of the tungsten particle, it is suitable for the SLM process. The particle size distribution of tungsten particles varies from 8 microns to around 25 microns [ 10 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Use of EBSD and Microhardness to Study the Microstructure Properties of Tungsten Samples Prepared by Selective Laser Melting

2021

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Additively manufactured tungsten and its alloys have been widely used for plasma facing components (PFCs) in future nuclear fusion reactors. Under the fusion process, PFCs experience a high-temperature exposure, which will ultimately affect the microstructural features, keeping in mind the importance of microstructures. In this study, microhardness and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques were used to study the specimens. Vickers hardness method was used to study tungsten under different parameters. EBSD technique was used to study the microstructure and Kikuchi pattern of samples under different orientations. We mainly focused on selective laser melting (SLM) parameters and the effects of these parameters on the results of different techniques used to study the behavior of samples.

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“…Many authors have investigated the classical triad between process optimization, microstructures and mechanical properties for a large range of classical L-PBF metallic alloys, such as 316L or maraging steels [1,2], superalloys (such as Inconel 625 or Inconel 718 [3,4]), Al-Si alloys, or Ti6Al4V titanium alloy [5,6], among many others. More exotic or challenging materials such as tungsten [7], copper [8], and noble metals (i.e., silver [9]) have also already been studied. However, even for rather usual L-PBF alloys such as Ni-based superalloys or austenitic stainless steel, the attractive mechanical properties, combining high mechanical resistance and high ductility, still pose open questions that demand a better understanding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of As-Built Microstructures and Recrystallization Phenomena on Inconel 625 Alloy Obtained via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF)

Terris

Castelnau

Hadjem-Hamouche

et al. 2021

Metals

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The microstructures induced by the laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process have been widely investigated over the last decade, especially on austenitic stainless steels (AISI 316L) and nickel-based superalloys (Inconel 718, Inconel 625). However, the conditions required to initiate recrystallization of L-PBF samples at high temperatures require further investigation, especially regarding the physical origins of substructures (dislocation densities) induced by the L-PBF process. Indeed, the recrystallization widely depends on the specimen substructure, and in the case of the L-PBF process, the substructure is obtained during rapid solidification. In this paper, a comparison is presented between Inconel 625 specimens obtained with different laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) conditions. The effects of the energy density (VED) values on as-built and heat-under microstructures are also investigated. It is first shown that L-PBF specimens created with high-energy conditions recrystallize earlier due to a larger density of geometrically necessary dislocations. Moreover, it is shown that lower energy densities offers better tensile properties for as-built specimens. However, an appropriate heat treatment makes it possible to homogenize the tensile properties.

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Selective laser melting additive manufacturing of pure tungsten: Role of volumetric energy density on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties

Cited by 95 publications

References 41 publications

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

On the Use of EBSD and Microhardness to Study the Microstructure Properties of Tungsten Samples Prepared by Selective Laser Melting

Analysis of As-Built Microstructures and Recrystallization Phenomena on Inconel 625 Alloy Obtained via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF)

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