Selective degradation of synthetic polymers through enzymes immobilized on nanocarriers

Abstract

In order to develop new sustainable and reusable concepts for the degradation of omnipresent industrial plastics, immobilization of (bio)catalysts on nanocarriers offers unique opportunities for selective depolymerization and catalyst recovery. In this study, enzymes (lipase and cutinase) were covalently immobilized on carrier nanoparticles (SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2) through 3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde linkers forming a stable bond to enzyme molecules. The presence of enzymes on the surface was confirmed by zeta potential and XPS measurements, while their degradation activity and long-term stability of up to 144 h was demonstrated by the conversion of 4-nitrophenyl acetate to 4-nitrophenol. Furthermore, enzymatic decomposition (hydrolysis/oxidation) of electrospun polycaprolactone fiber mats was verified through morphological (SEM) and weight loss studies, which evidently showed a change in the fiber morphology due to enzymatic degradation and accordingly a weight loss. Graphic abstract

Click functionalized biocompatible gadolinium oxide core-shell nanocarriers for imaging of breast cancer cells

“…These carriers were sonicated for 5 min following dropwise addition of 0.5 ml APTMS under continuous supply of nitrogen. Later, the reaction was refluxed at 75 °C for 6 h. 56 The modified particles were collected via centrifugation at 6000 rpm and consequently washed with ethanol (3 x ) to remove any unbound aminosilane. The particles were dried at 60 °C for 16 h at ambient temperature and tested for further characterization.…”

Biocatalysis in Degradation of Synthetic Polymers

“…По аналогии с природными полимерами, в ряде случаев комплексы ферментов способны обеспечить более эффективную деструкцию СП, чем единичные ферменты [14,15,18]. Подбор ферментов для таких комплексов, как и получение их в результате направленного биосинтеза природными или сконструированными рекомбинантными микробными продуцентами, является одним из современных трендов в разработке БК для деградации СП [3,20,21].…”

“…Клетки, как БК, в сравнении с отдельными ферментами характеризуются более длительным периодом стабильного участия в процессах деградации СП, который может продолжаться несколько месяцев [17,28,35,49,50]. Для улучшения показателей стабильности ферментов используются различные способы их иммобилизации [13][14][15]18]. При этом крайне интересным представляется использование в качестве носителей для иммобилизации ферментов таких МеК, которые способны участвовать в деградации СП [13,15,18].…”

Mechanistic Insights into Cellular and Molecular Basis of Protein‐Nanoplastic Interactions

“…Further, recent immobilization approaches of such organisms and proteinaceous enzymes in solid matrix provides a reusable, cost-effective proficient method to deal with this issue. [210][211][212]…”