“…For example, PS-NP and PP-NP are more hydrophobic and positively charged than PE-NP, which may influence their uptake, distribution, and accumulation in the cells. 64 Cdc48 , Clap , Had , and Cstb are associated with PS-NP and PP-NP, and these genes are involved in protein degradation or folding, which may be stimulated by PS-NP and PP-NP, but suppressed by PE-NP. Tcp1 , AP15 , and Ucp2 are linked to PE-NP, and these genes are related to mitochondrial function or oxidative stress, which may be enhanced by PE-NP, but lessened by PS-NP and PP-NP.…”