“…Ru and Rh are usually applied without promoters. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Besides Bi and Pb, a variety of promoter metals have been suggested, including Cd, 30,31 Co, 30,31 Cu, 32 Se, 33 Ce, 33,34 Te, 35 Sn, 36,37 Au, 36,38 and Ru. 36,39 The non-noble metal promoters are inactive under reaction conditions, and their deposition onto the active sites should result in lower oxidation rates.…”