Selective capture based high-speed optical vehicular signaling system

Teli, Shivani Rajendra; Chung, Yeon-Ho

doi:10.1016/j.image.2018.08.009

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In comparison with CCD, CMOS cameras provide lower power consumption, smaller IS, faster readout, lower cost and more programmability. In addition, since pixel scanning is based on the X-Y address scheme in the CMOS architecture, direct access to a desired part of the IS is possible, which can increase the F R at the cost of reduced FOV [35,36]. Cameras can have two different exposure methods, i.e., global shutter (GS) and rolling shutter (RS), as illustrated in Figure 8a.…”

Section: Transceiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

et al. 2020

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Optical wireless communications (OWC) are emerging as cost-effective and practical solutions to the congested radio frequency-based wireless technologies. As part of OWC, optical camera communications (OCC) have become very attractive, considering recent developments in cameras and the use of fitted cameras in smart devices. OCC together with visible light communications (VLC) is considered within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization. OCCs based on both organic and inorganic light sources as well as cameras are being considered for low-rate transmissions and localization in indoor as well as outdoor short-range applications and within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization together with VLC. This paper introduces the underlying principles of OCC and gives a comprehensive overview of this emerging technology with recent standardization activities in OCC. It also outlines the key technical issues such as mobility, coverage, interference, performance enhancement, etc. Future research directions and open issues are also presented.

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Section: Transceiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a camera-based OCC, a range of TXs can be adopted, e.g., digital display modules and LEDs [5,17,22,36,38]. Color filter arrays, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and color shift keying (CSK) based on RGB LEDs or displays have been employed in OCC [5].…”

Section: Transceiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

et al. 2020

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“…In the VLC structure LEDs are deployed for the dual purposes of lighting and communication. OCC is one of the promising technologies of OWC, whereby the light intensity of LED or OLED is modulated to transmit the data, but the receiver is a camera instead of photodiodes, unlike traditional VLC systems, and; thus, requires almost no additional implementation cost and hardware modifications [42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Vl-occ System Architecture and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data transmitted through the LED goes to the optical channel and is then received by the photodiode and then amplified using Transimpedance amplifier (TIA). The use of a camera as the receiver instead of photodiodes in VLC systems reduces the implementation cost considerably [43,44]. In visible light optical camera communications, modulation schemes such as under-sampled phase-shift on-off keying (UPSOOK) and under-sampled frequency-shift on-off keying (UFSOOK) were used for the communication between the LED and the image sensor of the camera.…”

Section: Brief Description Of the Vlc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Demonstration of Single-Channel EEG Signal Using 32 × 32 Pixel OLED Screen and Camera

et al. 2019

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Currently, the radiofrequency (RF)-based wireless technology deployed in electroencephalography (EEG) to diagnose brain diseases suffers from frequency spectrum and electromagnetic interference, and might also have adverse effects on the health of patients and equipment used in hospitals, especially in RF-restricted zones like intensive care units (ICUs). Optical wireless communication (OWC), specifically visible light communication (VLC), is featured in 5G network to complement the radiofrequency (RF) technologies due to the fact that huge unlicensed bandwidth and available infrastructure, both indoor and outdoor, reduces the implementation cost. The conventional VLC systems deploy photodiodes as receivers, requiring hardware and infrastructure modifications in addition to smaller field of view (FOV), but the use of cameras reduce the infrastructure cost due to inbuilt filters and a wider FOV coverage gives the ability to scale a larger area. The wider FOV and the movement of camera rotation, without any additional adjustments to maintain the line-of-sight (LOS), allows the patient to be anywhere within the room and FOV. This paper demonstrates a novel healthcare system for EEG using visible light optical camera communication (VL-OCC), where a 32 × 32 pixel OLED screen acts as transmitter and the receiver section consists of several different cameras such as digital single-lens reflex camera (DLSR), android smartphone, and Thorlabs camera. The experiments were performed in LOS deploying on-off keying (OOK) modulation at several distant measurements to determine the system reliability and stability through bit error rate (BER) performance. The proposed system results depict that the DSLR camera outperforms the smartphone and Thorlabs cameras, as it is capable of transmitting an error free bit rate of 2.8 kbps at 30 fps up to 5.5 m.

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“…When a region of the LED source is detected, the frame rate is accelerated and the data is demodulated at a high speed. Another method, called selective capturing, can also be used to minimize interference [17]. In this approach, the LED region is captured selectively within the frame.…”

Section: Pixel Sinrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis and Improvement of Optical Camera Communication

et al. 2018

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Optical camera communication (OCC) is a technology in which a camera image sensor is employed to receive data bits sent from a light source. OCC has attracted a lot of research interest in the area of mobile optical wireless communication due to the popularity of smartphones with embedded cameras. Moreover, OCC offers high-performance characteristics, including an excellent signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), high security, low interference, and high stability with respect to varying communication distances. Despite these advantages, OCC suffers from several limitations, the primary of which is the low data rate. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the parameters that influence the OCC performance. These parameters include the camera sampling rate, the exposure time, the focal length, the pixel edge length, the transmitter configurations, and the optical flickering rate. In particular, the focus is on enhancing the data rate, SINR, and communication distance, which are the principal factors determining the quality of service experienced by a user. The paper also provides a short survey of modulation schemes used in OCC on the basis of the achieved data rate, communication distance, and possible application scenarios. A theoretical analysis of user satisfaction using OCC is also rendered. Furthermore, we present the simulation results demonstrating OCC performance with respect to variations in the parameters mentioned above, which include the outage probability analysis for OCC.

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Selective capture based high-speed optical vehicular signaling system

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

Experimental Demonstration of Single-Channel EEG Signal Using 32 × 32 Pixel OLED Screen and Camera

Performance Analysis and Improvement of Optical Camera Communication

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