“…Furthermore, citrate has been found to act as a key substrate epigenetic modifications in the oocyte (Gu et al, 2015;Harvey, 2019), while it seems to be play an important role during early embryogenesis, as a positive correlation between citrate concentration in PFF and the number of embryos produced per matured oocyte in humans (Castiglione Morelli et al, 2019). He et al (He et al, 2022) recently revealed that the adverse impact of autophagy impairment on oocyte quality is mediated by downregulated citrate levels, which once enhanced by exogenous supplementation could significantly restore oocyte maturation. They also observed that the decreased autophagy levels in cumulus cells, typical of maternal aging, are related to lower levels of citrate in human PFF, and that elevated citrate levels in porcine PFF can promote oocyte maturation (He et al, 2022).…”