Selective Attachment of β-Haemolytic Streptococci Group A to Oropharyngeal Epithelium in Health and Disease

Lilja, Markus; Myklebust, R.; Räisänen, Simo; Stenfors, Lars‐Eric

doi:10.3109/00016489709113471

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…are very common problems in infectious disorders during childhood [1,2]. In the United States, by 3 years of age more than 80% of children have had at least one episode of AOM, and by 7 years of age, almost 40% of children have had six or more episodes of AOM [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of antioxidant status in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis

Cemek

Çaksen

Cemek

et al. 2004

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of antioxidant status in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis

Cemek

Çaksen

Cemek

et al. 2004

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…By using refined methods, and taking advantage of immunofluorescence and immunocytochemical techniques, there are better prospects of elucidating the intial stages of AT etiopathogenesis. Recently, we showed that S. pyogenes microorganisms have a definite affinity for the epithelium covering lymphatic tissue [8]. Moreover, we showed that S. pyogenes colonies were remarkably increased in number in relation to other aerobic colonies on the tonsillar surfaces during an AT infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…to the surface epithelium, as has been suggested recently [4,8,9]. Attachment of pathogenic bacteria to tonsillar epithelium could only be recognized during an on-going AT infection, but not among healthy carriers of S. pyogenes [8]. The first essential stage in the etiopathogenesis of AT must therefore be the penetration of the mucous film covering the palatine tonsils.…”

Section: Tem Studiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Initial events in the pathogenesis of acute tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

Lilja

Räisänen²,

Stenfors

1998

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Bacterial and epithelial cell samples were obtained, within 24 h of onset of pharyngeal symptoms, from the palatine tonsils of nine patients (four female and five male; age range 10-40 years, median age 23) with acute tonsillitis, culture-positive for Streptococcus pyogenes. The specimens were examined using fluorescein isothiocyanate- (FITC) and gold-labelled antiserum to S. pyogenes and fluorescence, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. S. pyogenes could be identified both in the mucous layer covering the tonsils and attached to the surface epithelial cells. Long chains of coccus-shaped bacteria could be seen encroaching on the epithelial cell borders. S. pyogenes can apparently penetrate the mucous barrier, attach to the epithelial cells, spread from cell to cell and possibly penetrate into the outermost layer of the epithelial cells. These events in turn provoke cytokine production and/or complement activation, which induce inflammatory reaction in the tonsillar tissue.

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“…Several reports have demonstrated increased attachment of S. pyogenes to tonsillar or pharyngeal epithelium during acute tonsillitis [2]. Local immunity may be one of the host factors that inhibits bacterial adherence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial adhesion to tonsillar or pharyngeal epithelium may be a potential cause of this recurrent phlogistic condition [1,2]. Humoral immunity of the host may be an another cause of recurrent tonsillitis (RT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased serum and pharyngeal antibody levels specific to streptococcal lipoteichoic acid in children with recurrent tonsillitis

Yokoyama¹,

Harabuchi²

2002

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Objective: Streptococcus (S.) pyogenes is common causes of primary as well as recurrent tonsillitis (RT). Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) has been proposed as a possible candidate for vaccine formulation against streptococcal infections, because LTA is a common constituent of streptococci and the antibody to LTA inhibits bacterial attachment to epithelial cells in vitro. Streptolysin-O and streptococcal whole cell body are highly immunogenic and the antibodies to these antigens are reported to be better parameters for streptococcal infections The objective of the present study is to investigate how systemic and local immune activities against S. pyogenes may be associated with RT. Methods: Sera from 178 children with or without RT aged 1-15 years with a median age of 5 years were investigated for the levels of total immunoglobulins and antibodies specific to streptococcal antigens such as whole cell body, LTA, and streptolysin-O. Pharyngeal secretions from 67 children with or without RT aged 2-14 years with a median age of 6 years were subjects to secretory IgA (SIgA) antibody levels to streptococcal LTA. The antibodies to whole cell body and LTA were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Total immunoglobins and the antistreptolysin-O antibody were assayed by nephelometry. Results: An age-matched comparison revealed that either levels of serum IgG antibody or pharyngeal SIgA antibody to streptococcal LTA at 2-5 years of age were significantly lower in RT children than in non-RT children (1.39 vs. 5.14 µg/ml, p=0.001; 10.6 vs. 29.9 units/ng/ml total SIgA, p=0.015; respectively) and correlated inversely to episodes of tonsillitis (r=-0.242, p=0.024; r=-0.3, p=0.024; respectively). Either serum total immunoglobulin levels of IgG or IgA correlated positively to episodes of tonsillitis in children aged 2-5 years(r=0. 293, p=0.011; r=0.361, p=0.002; respectively). No difference was found on either serum levels of IgG antibody to streptococcal whole cell body or antibody to streptolysin-O between RT and non-RT children in any Yokoyama Y. -3-age-matched comparisons. High serum antibody levels to whole cell body was associated with high antibody levels to streptococcal LTA in non-RT children (r=0.198, p<0.05), but no association was found between these antibody levels in RT children. Conclusions:Selective immunologic failure in systemic and pharyngeal antibody response to streptococcal LTA may be a potential cause of RT in young children.

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Selective Attachment of β-Haemolytic Streptococci Group A to Oropharyngeal Epithelium in Health and Disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Investigation of antioxidant status in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis

Investigation of antioxidant status in children with acute otitis media and tonsillitis

Initial events in the pathogenesis of acute tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

Decreased serum and pharyngeal antibody levels specific to streptococcal lipoteichoic acid in children with recurrent tonsillitis

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