Selection, Social Status or Data Artefact - What Determines the Mortality of Migrants in Germany?

Kohls, Martin

doi:10.1007/978-3-531-92563-9_6

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The author found mortality among migrants to be much lower in the official population data, notably at older ages, in comparison with the AZR. However, lower mortality rates compared with native born were still found in the AZR among some birth country groups, notably Asian and African migrants (Kohls 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Consequently, the substantial life expectancy advantages found in the official population data were not replicated in the DRV data. A subsequent study from Germany also compared official population data with another data source, the Central Register of Foreigners (AZR), which is argued to be more accurate due to its focus on immigrant populations (Kohls 2010). The author found mortality among migrants to be much lower in the official population data, notably at older ages, in comparison with the AZR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age variations and population over-coverage: Is low mortality among migrants merely a data artefact?

Wallace

Wilson

2021

Population Studies

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The migrant mortality advantage has been observed extensively, but its authenticity is debated. In particular, concerns persist that the advantage is an artefact of the data, generated by the problems of recording mobility among foreign-born populations. Here, we build on the intersection of two recent developments: the first showing substantial age variation in the advantage-a deep U-shaped advantage at peak migration ages-and the second showing high levels of population over-coverage, the principal source of data artefact, at the same ages. We use event history analysis of Sweden's population registers (2010-15) to test whether this over-coverage can explain age variation in the migrant mortality advantage. We document its U-shape in Sweden and, crucially, demonstrate that large mortality differentials persist after adjusting for estimated over-coverage. Our findings contribute to ongoing debate by demonstrating that the migrant mortality advantage is real and by ruling out one of its primary mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age variations and population over-coverage: Is low mortality among migrants merely a data artefact?

Wallace

Wilson

2021

Population Studies

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“…However, a major gap in our knowledge of international migration concerns the long-term demographic consequences of these policies. In this study, the demographic consequences include those that are direct, such as changing the population size and age composition of specific populations, and those that are indirect, such as those involving subsequent generations (Edmonston 2010;Scott and Stanfors 2010) and other demographic processes (see, e.g., Kohls 2010;Kulu 2005Kulu , 2006Milewski and Kulu 2014). Immigrants from poorer areas of the world tend to bring with them their higher (or lower) levels of fertility, and because migration involves a selection process, they also tend to bring with them their youth and ambition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sources and Diversity of Immigrant Population Change in Australia, 1981–2011

et al. 2018

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Australia has one of the largest percentages of immigrant populations in the developed world with a highly regulated system of immigration control and regular censuses to track their changes over time. However, the ability to explain the population change through the demographic components of immigration, emigration, and death by age and sex is complicated because of differences in measurement and sources of information. In this article, we explore three methods for reconciling the demographic accounts from 1981 to 2011 for the Australia-born and 18 foreign-born population groups. We then describe how the immigrant populations have changed and what has contributed most to that change. We find that the sources of immigrant population change have varied considerably by age, sex, country of birth, and period of immigration. Immigrants from Europe are currently the oldest and slowest-growing populations, whereas those from elsewhere are growing rapidly and exhibit relatively young population age structures. Studying these patterns over time helps us to understand the nature of international migration and its long-term contributions to population change and composition.

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“…This censoring bias has been studied in many high-income destinations, including France, Sweden, Germany, and Belgium (Anson, 2004;Darmon & Khlat, 2001;Khlat & Courbage, 1996;Kibele, Scholz, & Shkolnikov, 2008;Kohls, 2010;Razum, Zeeb, & Rohrmann, 2000;Weitoft, Gullberg, Hjern, & Rosen, 1999). Overall consensus from these studies is that censoring bias accentuates the MMA to varying degrees (depending on the data source and the destination) but does not generate mortality differences between foreign-and native-born in their entirety.…”

Section: Censoring Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the salmon bias effect explain the migrant mortality advantage in England and Wales?

Wallace

Kulu

2018

Population Space and Place

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Despite researchers regularly observing a migrant mortality advantage in high‐income destination countries, it remains unclear whether empirically observed low mortality among foreign‐born relative to natives is genuine or a result of censoring and selection biases inherent in the remigration of foreign‐born individuals. Our aim is to determine whether the main mode of selection bias, the “salmon bias effect” (remigration triggered by poor health), can account for this low foreign‐born mortality. We use the largest longitudinal resource in the United Kingdom, the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study, to fit discrete‐time survival models and observe which foreign‐born populations experience a migrant mortality advantage and/or salmon bias effect. For foreign‐born groups in which we observe both, we correct their mortality (using an indirect method) to see if the salmon bias can explain the observed mortality advantage. Importantly, we demonstrate that for many foreign‐born groups a mortality advantage exists in the absence of the salmon bias effect. Furthermore, in cases which we observe a mortality advantage and salmon bias (males and females from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, and the Caribbean), the latter cannot sufficiently “explain away” the former. Taken together with previous findings on censoring bias in the United Kingdom and the wider international literature on censoring and selection biases, it becomes clear that remigration biases alone cannot sufficiently explain the migrant mortality advantage.

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Selection, Social Status or Data Artefact - What Determines the Mortality of Migrants in Germany?

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Age variations and population over-coverage: Is low mortality among migrants merely a data artefact?

Age variations and population over-coverage: Is low mortality among migrants merely a data artefact?

The Sources and Diversity of Immigrant Population Change in Australia, 1981–2011

Can the salmon bias effect explain the migrant mortality advantage in England and Wales?

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