Selection‐induced variation at the pantophysin locus (<i>Pan</i>I) in a Norwegian fjord population of cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>L.)

Karlsson, Sten; Mork, Jarle

doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.01993.x

Cited by 45 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…5), runs counter to reports of adult cod, both in central Norway (Trondheimsfjorden; Karlsson & Mork 2003) and from fjords in northern Norway, e.g. Balsfjord, Ullsfjord, or Varangerfjord (Sarvas & Fevolden 2005a,b).…”

Section: Temporal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Balsfjord, Ullsfjord, or Varangerfjord (Sarvas & Fevolden 2005a,b). Whereas in Trondheimsfjorden, Pan I heterogeneity across years and significant excesses of heterozygotes were ascribed to natural selection (Karlsson & Mork 2003), inter-annual variation among post-juvenile cod in fjords in northern Norway is more plausibly explained by various degrees of intermingling between ANC and NCC. During the spawning season, ANC 'accidentally' penetrate fjords for feeding purposes, whereas there seem to be more or less permanent resident cod in outer fjord and coastal waters, reachable by NCC, with an ANC Pan I signature .…”

Section: Temporal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

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Settling-depth vs. genotype and size vs. genotype correlations at the Pan I locus in 0-group Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Fevolden¹,

Westgaard²,

Pedersen³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We sampled 0-group juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. within fjords and offshore in northern Norway from 1994 to 2008 using different gears for the 3 sampling depths: shore seine (0−3 m), pelagic trawl (various depths), and bottom trawl (> 80 m). Frequencies of alleles at the Pan I locus (4218 fish analysed) showed highly significant differences among samples collected in the different habitats. The Pan I A allele showed a mean frequency of ~80% in the shore seine samples, 12% in the bottom trawl samples, and between 5 and 57% in the pelagic samples. These differences are thought to reflect the co-occurrence of different populations of cod in the area with different settling regimes. Shallow-water settlers are thought to represent the stationary Norwegian coastal cod (NCC), the deep-water settlers represent the migratory Arcto-Norwegian cod (ANC), and the non-settled individuals represent a variable mixture of the 2 populations. For designated samples, we analyzed 16 microsatellites (non-neutral and neutral) that supported a genetic divergence between shallow-water and deep-water settlers. Correlations between length and Pan I genotypes within selected samples showed that the Pan I BB homozygotes (typical of ANC) were significantly longer than the Pan I AA homozygotes (typical of NCC). This could reflect differences in spawning time and growth conditions between ANC and NCC, just as well as one genotype being superior to the others in terms of growth performance. Finally, we argue that the Pan I difference between 0-group NCC and ANC is not caused by contemporary selection but reflects adaptation on an ecological post-glacial time scale.

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Section: Temporal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Temporal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Settling-depth vs. genotype and size vs. genotype correlations at the Pan I locus in 0-group Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Fevolden¹,

Westgaard²,

Pedersen³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In contrast, mitochondrial DNA studies on these populations are equivocal, revealing evidence for differentiation between coastal and northeast Arctic cod in Dahle's (1991) study but not in that by Árnason & Pálsson (1996). In a Pan I study of cod in a Norwegian fjord, Karlsson & Mork (2003) proposed that significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium may be due to contemporary selection. Although the presence of selection at Pan I is wellestablished, it is less certain whether patterns of differentiation reflect historical selection or contemporary selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro- and micro-geographic variation in pantophysin (PanI) allele frequencies in NE Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Case¹,

Hutchinson²,

Hauser³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Using samples of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. from the North Sea, and previously published genetic data from the Irish and Celtic Seas, Iceland, and Norwegian fjord and offshore populations, we describe striking macro-and micro-geographic patterns in pantophysin (Pan I) allele frequencies. The relatively abrupt discontinuity in Pan I allele frequency distribution at 2 different locations is not congruent with standard patterns of isolation by distance and could arise from population admixtures, historical or contemporary natural selection, behavioural segregation or a combination of these factors. Here, we examined the relationships between the distributions of Pan I alleles and temperature, salinity and depth. In the northeast Atlantic, temperature was highly correlated with Pan I allele frequency, even when the effect of geographic distance was removed. In the Norwegian fjords, partial Mantel tests indicated that temperature, salinity and depth all had a significant effect on Pan I allele frequency in juvenile fish. However, a sample from the brackish waters of the eastern Baltic Sea suggested that salinity may be linked to Pan I allele frequency distribution and that the relationship with temperature was weaker in areas of low salinity. Strong correlations between Pan I allele frequencies and key environmental variables, together with evidence from the available literature, suggested that environmental conditions play an important role in determining the distribution of different Pan I genotypes. The combined use of environmental data, Pan I genotyping and neutral markers may provide a valuable approach to examine local adaptation, levels of gene flow and stock structuring.

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“…Pan I was included in the present study because it was a potentially efficient marker (Glover et al 2010) if the brood stock of the farmed cod contained sufficient representatives from the Northeast Arctic cod. The Northeast Arctic cod stock is known to have Pan I allele frequencies very different from Norwegian coastal cod (NCC), including the Trondheimsfjord cod (Karlsson & Mork 2003, Sarvas & Fevolden 2005, Wennevik et al 2008. However, the farmed cod in this study turned out to have Pan I allele frequencies similar to NCC, which reduced its potential as a key marker for introgression.…”

Section: Assessment Of Microsatellites and Pan Imentioning

confidence: 58%

“…For the first time, large amounts of adult cod of a nonindigenous origin had both spawned in net pens and escaped to the genetically well characterized Trondheimsfjord cod population. Genetic and bio logi cal cha racteristics of the Trondheimsfjord cod stock have been monitored thoroughly in a time series maintained by the Trondhjem Biological Station (TBS) since 1974 (Mork 1976, Mork et al 1980, 1982, 1983, Mork & Giaever 1999, Karlsson & Mork 2003. The present experi mental conditions allowed both the monitoring of pen spawning and the set-up of a simulated escape event with tagged farmed cod for monitoring of recaptures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmed cod escapees and net-pen spawning left no clear genetic footprint in the local wild cod population

Varne¹,

Kunz²,

Johansen³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Selection‐induced variation at the pantophysin locus (PanI) in a Norwegian fjord population of cod (Gadus morhuaL.)

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Settling-depth vs. genotype and size vs. genotype correlations at the Pan I locus in 0-group Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Settling-depth vs. genotype and size vs. genotype correlations at the Pan I locus in 0-group Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Macro- and micro-geographic variation in pantophysin (PanI) allele frequencies in NE Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Farmed cod escapees and net-pen spawning left no clear genetic footprint in the local wild cod population

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