Selection fo Lean Growth in Swine

Cleveland, Erik R.; Cunningham, P. J.; Peo, E. R.

doi:10.2527/jas1982.544719x

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A favourable or a small correlation between growth and leanness is, however, far from what we can interpret from our results. Modern, fast-growing, lean pigs such as the Norwegian Landrace and Duroc have a highly unfavourable genetic correlation between ADG2 and FG or LMP, which is in agreement with the results reviewed in a paper by Cleveland et al (1982). The mean correlation between the ADG and backfat was 0.12, ranging from 0.26 to 0.55 for 11 studies from 1962 to 1994 (Clutter and Brascamp, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Determination of leanness is not straightforward, and unfavourable genetic correlations between growth and leanness (Mcphee et al, 1979;Cleveland et al, 1982) make joint improvement of these traits a challenge. Fowler et al (1976) showed that lean meat growth can be selected by using an economic selection index that combines lean meat content and growth or by using lean meat growth, which is measured as lean gain per day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters between slaughter pig efficiency and growth rate of different body tissues estimated by computed tomography in live boars of Landrace and Duroc

Gjerlaug-Enger

Kongsro

Ødegård

et al. 2012

Animal

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In this study, computed tomography (CT) technology was used to measure body composition on live pigs for breeding purposes. Norwegian Landrace (L; n 5 3835) and Duroc (D; n 5 3139) boars, selection candidates to be elite boars in a breeding programme, were CT-scanned between August 2008 and August 2010 as part of an ongoing testing programme at Norsvin's boar test station. Genetic parameters in the growth rate of muscle (MG), carcass fat (FG), bone (BG) and non-carcass tissue (NCG), from birth to ,100 kg live weight, were calculated from CT data. Genetic correlations between growth of different body tissues scanned using CT, lean meat percentage (LMP) calculated from CT and more traditional production traits such as the average daily gain (ADG) from birth to 25 kg (ADG1), the ADG from 25 kg to 100 kg (ADG2) and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 25 kg to 100 kg were also estimated from data on the same boars. Genetic parameters were estimated based on multi-trait animal models using the average information-restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) methodology. The heritability estimates (s.e. These results showed the difficulty in jointly improving LMP and ADG2. ADG2 was unfavourably correlated with FG (L: 0.84 and D: 0.72), thus indicating to a large extent that selection for increased growth implies selection for fatness under an ad libitum feeding regime. Selection for MG is not expected to increase ADG2, but will yield faster growth of the desired tissues and a better carcass quality. Hence, we consider MG to be a better biological trait in selection for improved productivity and carcass quality. CT is a powerful instrument in conjunction with breeding, as it combines the high accuracy of CT data with measurements taken from the selection candidates. CT also allows the selection of new traits such as real body composition, and in particular, the actual MG on living animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters between slaughter pig efficiency and growth rate of different body tissues estimated by computed tomography in live boars of Landrace and Duroc

Gjerlaug-Enger

Kongsro

Ødegård

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…In swine, index selection for increased growth rate and decreased backfat has been effective (Fredeen et al, 1976;Ollivier, 1977;Vangen, 1979;Cleveland et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both lines were derived from the Nebraska Gene Pool population. The index line was selected for six generations for an index of average daily gain and backfat, and the control line replacements were selected at random (Cleveland et al, 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Index Selection and Feed Intake Restriction in Swine. II. Effect on Energy Utilization

Cleveland

Johnson

Mandigo

et al. 1983

Journal of Animal Science

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SummaryFifty-three index select and control line barrows were randomly assigned to three feeding levels at 83 d of age. They were slaughtered at approximately 188 d of age to determine the effects of index selection (for increased average daily gain and decreased backfat) and level of feed intake on energy utilization. During the trial, the feed intake levels were twice daily to appetite (AP), once daily feeding of 91% of appetite (AP91) or once daily feeding of 82% of appetite (AP82) intake. The metabolizable energy intake required per kilogram of edible lean deposited (Mcal/kg) was reduced (P<.05) by restricting intake and was lower (P<.01) for index than for control barrows [index: 25.6 (AP), 23.3 (AP91) and 25.3 (AP82) vs control: 31.1 (AP), 27.5 (AP91) and 28.1 (AP82)]. However, intake restriction and index selection increased (P<.05) the energy lost per unit of retained energy (index: 1.33, 1.45 and 1.53 vs control: 1.24, 1.29 and 1.34). The index line had a higher (P<.05) maintenance requirement than the control line when expressed'unit of weight (kg'TS) -1" day -I, but the difference was less when expressed'unit of lean (kg'S3)-l'day -I. The energy cost of protein deposition varied from 9.02 to 11.25 kcal/g, while the energy cost of fat deposition ranged from 12.73 to 12.86 kcal/g. Variation among animals in metabolizable energy intake was explained by variation in lean mass maintained and the quantity of prOtein and fat deposited.

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“…Optimum feed restrictions may depend on the rate and composition of growth and may differ for different genetic stocks. Cleveland et al (1982) reported the results of five generations of index selection for increased postweaning average daily gain and decreased backfat. Average daily gain increased by 12.5% and backfat decreased by 5.4%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Index Selection and Feed Intake Restriction in Swine. I. Effect on Rate and Composition of Growth

Cleveland

Johnson

Mandigo

1983

Journal of Animal Science

Self Cite

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Selection fo Lean Growth in Swine

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Genetic parameters between slaughter pig efficiency and growth rate of different body tissues estimated by computed tomography in live boars of Landrace and Duroc

Genetic parameters between slaughter pig efficiency and growth rate of different body tissues estimated by computed tomography in live boars of Landrace and Duroc

Index Selection and Feed Intake Restriction in Swine. II. Effect on Energy Utilization

Index Selection and Feed Intake Restriction in Swine. I. Effect on Rate and Composition of Growth

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