Selection and Resource Allocation Model for Upgrading Fire Safety of Historic Buildings

Naziris, Iordanis A.; Lagaros, Nikos D.; Papaioannou, Kyriakos

doi:10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000424

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Miller and Fyffe () investigate optimal allocation of manpower resources for fire safety inspections in buildings, also using insights from the political redistricting problem. Maximizing the fire safety upgrade level of historical buildings by optimally distributing a fixed budget is discussed in Naziris, Lagaros, and Papaioannou (). Other related works include the minimization of the sum of tax dollars spent by fire departments and the fire insurance premiums paid by the public (Seward, Plane, & Hendrick, ), and the comparison of the cost effectiveness of two different means of increasing fire protection: adding fire detectors and adding fire stations (Halpern, ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Fire Protection Resource Allocation in the United States: Models and a 1980–2014 Case Study

2019

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The estimated cost of fire in the United States is about $329 billion a year, yet there are gaps in the literature to measure the effectiveness of investment and to allocate resources optimally in fire protection. This article fills these gaps by creating data‐driven empirical and theoretical models to study the effectiveness of nationwide fire protection investment in reducing economic and human losses. The regression between investment and loss vulnerability shows high R2 values (≈0.93). This article also contributes to the literature by modeling strategic (national‐level or state‐level) resource allocation (RA) for fire protection with equity‐efficiency trade‐off considerations, while existing literature focuses on operational‐level RA. This model and its numerical analyses provide techniques and insights to aid the strategic decision‐making process. The results from this model are used to calculate fire risk scores for various geographic regions, which can be used as an indicator of fire risk. A case study of federal fire grant allocation is used to validate and show the utility of the optimal RA model. The results also identify potential underinvestment and overinvestment in fire protection in certain regions. This article presents scenarios in which the model presented outperforms the existing RA scheme, when compared in terms of the correlation of resources allocated with actual number of fire incidents. This article provides some novel insights to policymakers and analysts in fire protection and safety that would help in mitigating economic costs and saving lives.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Fire Protection Resource Allocation in the United States: Models and a 1980–2014 Case Study

2019

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“…Saradj et al [9] discussed a prioritization ranking method for heritage buildings in Iran for conservation considering value of each historic structure, vulnerability and condition assessment, and the cost of restoration. Naziris et al [10] developed a model for optimum allocation of limited resources available to 20 heritage building to renew the fire safety system, considering the population and value of each heritage building, and the value of the building's contents. Kututa et al [11] developed a prioritization model for restoration of buildings for considering social, archeological, and economic criteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of Heritage Buildings in Historic Cairo for Restoration Funding

Mourad

Hegazy

Mamdouh

et al. 2023

International Journal of Advances in Structural and Geotechnica

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Egypt is one of the richest countries in its historic and tourism attractions which are among the main contributors to the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Historic Cairo which has hundreds of mesmerizing historic Coptic and Islamic structures (mosques, churches, mausoleums, etc.) has been identified by UNESCO as a world heritage site since 1979. However, it has been noticed that its share in the tourism revenues is quite low compared to its value. One of the reasons is that many of the historic structures are closed because they are severely deteriorated due to urban expansion, pollution, environmental hazards, and aging. To revive the tourism in Historic Cairo, the government has been directing its efforts towards the conservation of those structures and reopening them to the public, and thus increase tourism-based revenues. However, the funding needed to restore all structures is very limited. There are hundreds of historic structures in need for restoration with a budget of more than one billion EGP. Accordingly, this research proposes a decision support system inspired by infrastructure asset management system (IAMS) to guide the fund allocation process. It follows the sequential steps of IAMS from asset inventory, condition assessment, up to prioritization and fund-allocation, yet considering the unique value of each heritage building and the expected socioeconomic benefits of restoring the structures and upgrading their surrounding areas. Therefore, this new structured decision support system will help policy makers develop the best rational restoration plan that will help rejuvenate Historic Cairo, and subsequently Egypt's tourism revenues.

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“…This is due to the simpler structure, as well as to the aims of each application. It is worth mentioning that the test cases were partially examined in the previous works of the authors, to which the readers can refer for more information [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Computational Techniques for Multi Criteria Decision Making, in the Context of Cultural Heritage Structures’ Fire Protection: Case Studies

2022

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Fire protection for cultural heritage structures is a challenging engineering task that could benefit from the use of specialized computational tools relying on a performance-based design (PBD) concept rather than on prescriptive-based fire protection codes. In the first part of the present study, the theoretical basis of the proposed computational selection and resource (S and R) allocation model is discussed, related to the assessment of the fire safety index (FSI) and the authenticity preservation index (API). Furthermore, two different multi criteria optimization approaches are proposed to generate optimized fire protection upgrading designs, incorporating the nondominated sorting evolution strategies II (NSES-II) algorithm and the analytic target cascading (ATC) method. In this second part of the present work, the proposed S and R allocation model is implemented in two test cases; Villa Bianca, a famous mansion in Thessaloniki, Greece, and the Monastery of Simonos Petra located in Mount Athos, Greece. Several cases are examined regarding the targeted FSI or API values, taking also into account budget restrictions. In cases where the preservation of the authenticity is considered as an objective within the design process, the need to implement more sophisticated and customized fire protection measures can lead to a significant increase up to almost 200% regarding the total cost, subject to the pursued safety level. Detailed results obtained for each case study are presented and discussed comparatively, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed S and R allocation model in a wide range of scenarios, as well as its possible utility in multiple applications, facilitating the fire protection design process. Finally, a comparison between the two multi criteria optimization approaches incorporated in the study is also presented and discussed.

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Selection and Resource Allocation Model for Upgrading Fire Safety of Historic Buildings

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Fire Protection Resource Allocation in the United States: Models and a 1980–2014 Case Study

Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Fire Protection Resource Allocation in the United States: Models and a 1980–2014 Case Study

Prioritization of Heritage Buildings in Historic Cairo for Restoration Funding

Innovative Computational Techniques for Multi Criteria Decision Making, in the Context of Cultural Heritage Structures’ Fire Protection: Case Studies

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