Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Morocco (#CCG)

Cannone, Carla; Allington, Lucy; Pappis, Ioannis; Barron, Karla Cervantes; Usher, Will; Pye, Steve; Brown, Edward; Howells, Mark; Walker, Miriam Zachau; Ahsan, Aniq; Charbonnier, Flora; Halloran, Claire; Hirmer, Stephanie; Taliotis, Constantinos; Sundin, Caroline; Sridharan, Vignesh; Ramos, Eunice; Brinkerink, Maarten; Deane, Paul; Gritsevskyi, Andrii; Moura, Gustavo; Rouget, Arnaud; Wogan, David; Barcelona, Edito; Rogner, Holger

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-480023/v2

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The scenarios in this study were created using the Morocco Starter Data Kit (Cannone et al, 2021). The Morocco Least Cost (Version 2) model was used as the foundation for all the scenarios (Cannone et al, 2022a).…”

Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy demand for 2015-2021 was taken from the Starter Data Kit (Cannone et al, 2021). However, the projected annual growth rate of energy demand from 2022 onwards was changed to 1.5% in 2022-2050 and 1% in 2050-2070 using the projected growth rates of gross domestic product (GDP) and population in Morocco, because these are strongly correlated with energy demand (World Bank, 2022; United Nations, 2022).…”

Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 shows the current ow of energy in Morocco as a Reference Energy System (RES), using the data from the Morocco Starter Data Kit (Cannone et al, 2021). Imported energy commodities and local energy resources are listed along the left, feeding into the relevant power generators to meet demand on the right.…”

Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the future of energy security and decarbonisation in Morocco using OSeMOSYS

Harland

2023

Preprint

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Morocco’s energy system is highly dependent on imported fossil fuels, making the country susceptible to fluctuating energy prices and supply issues. Expanding local energy production from renewable sources like wind and solar and reducing imported fuels may help the country to decrease its carbon emissions at the same time as improving its energy security. This study used the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) tool to determine the optimal pathway for Morocco to accomplish these goals at least cost. The modelling results suggest that diversifying the sources of imported natural gas while expanding renewable energy deployment is the best strategy for Morocco to improve its energy security and reduce carbon emissions at lowest cost. The following recommendations will help to achieve this: Legally binding wind power and solar PV expansion plans would ensure that renewable energy capacity increases quickly to meet demand for the period of 2025–2065. These plans could be modelled after the Hawai’i Clean Energy Initiative and should be used in negotiations with multilateral development banks to secure international funding. The legislative framework for feed-in tariffs proposed by Morocco should be amended to include low-voltage power production and introduced within the next two years. Tax-exemptions and low-interest loans should be offered for installations of small solar power systems. A strategy for expanding energy storage capacity should be developed using modelled pathways of the future energy system to assess the storage needs. A regulatory framework for storage providers should be included. A time-based price system for energy consumption should be implemented as soon as possible for electricity customers, starting with medium to large corporate consumers first. Investment in regasification and storage infrastructure will help to prevent overreliance on Spain’s regasification plants. Domestic natural gas exploration in the Tendrara and Gharb regions and a national regulatory system for natural gas production will stabilise its supply. Transparent financing regulations would prevent gas production projects from halting.

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Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the future of energy security and decarbonisation in Morocco using OSeMOSYS

Harland

2023

Preprint

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“…The scenarios in this study were created using the Morocco Starter Data Kit (Cannone et al, 2021). The Morocco Least Cost Version 2 (LCv2) model was used as the foundation for all the scenarios (Cannone et al, 2022a).…”

Section: Modelling Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morocco's Coal to Clean Journey: Optimised Pathways for Decarbonisation and Energy Security

Harland

Jansen

Yeganyan

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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Morocco depends on imported fossil fuels for 90% of its primary energy supply. This makes the country vulnerable to unstable fuel prices and supply cut-offs, and the reliance on fossil fuels releases CO2 emissions which contribute to climate change. Renewable energy expansion, facilitated by Morocco’s high potential for solar and wind capacity, could allow the country to improve its energy security and decarbonise its energy system, in line with its response to the Paris Agreement. This study uses OSeMOSYS (the Open Source Energy Modelling System) to produce six cost-minimised decarbonisation scenarios for Morocco that consider energy independence. The results show that Morocco can achieve most of its decarbonisation targets through bulk wind and solar energy, with a coal phase-out being possible by 2031 at the latest. Natural gas is replaced by biomass and nuclear energy, with some evidence that fuel imports may stay relevant for the foreseeable future. We conclude with policy recommendations. The study can provide insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Morocco's energy sector to achieve optimal pathways for decarbonisation.

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“…Several other statistics and assumptions are shared in all scenarios. These figures were obtained from a variety of sources [24,[31][32][33]. Table 2 summarizes the various values estimated during the modeling period.…”

Section: Common Data and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Bottom-up Modeling of Renewable Energy Development in Morocco

Slimani¹,

Kadrani²,

Harraki³

et al. 2022

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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Renewable energy is an essential source of green growth for countries facing a shortage of fossil fuels. They offer a sustainable, inexhaustible, carbon-free solution to the future energy dependency of nations. Morocco, which has no traditional energy resources, depends entirely on the international primary energy market to meet its growing demand. For this reason, Morocco launched the National Energy Strategy in 2009 to reach 42% renewable production by 2020. This strategy has been renewed to 52% by 2050. Thanks to this policy, the country has been able to address most of its energy challenges. This study analyzes the energy mix of Morocco from 2010 to 2050. The methodology adopted is to simulate Morocco's electricity mix for this period. We assumed we were at the beginning of deploying the country's energy policy to assess the adopted strategic decisions. The analysis shows that the different technological solutions for electricity production chosen at the beginning of Morocco's energy transition could be better. Indeed, the decision to develop concentrated solar power as the leading renewable source and coal as a backup option, for example, appears to be contested. However, according to the third scenario of our study, renewables have the potential to become the main source of energy for the Moroccan power grid.

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Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Morocco (#CCG)

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Modelling the future of energy security and decarbonisation in Morocco using OSeMOSYS

Modelling the future of energy security and decarbonisation in Morocco using OSeMOSYS

Morocco's Coal to Clean Journey: Optimised Pathways for Decarbonisation and Energy Security

Long-term Bottom-up Modeling of Renewable Energy Development in Morocco

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