Seizure Disorders: The Changes With Age

Hauser, W. Allen

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1992.tb06222.x

Cited by 338 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies in the United States and Europe indicate that the agespecific incidence of epilepsy is higher in those over the age of 65 years than in those in the first decade of life (Tallis et al, 1991;Hauser, 1992;DeLorenzo et al, 1997;Treiman et al, 1998;Wallace et al, 1998; Epilepsy Foundation of America, 1999).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Case studies suggest that aging alone may have an epileptogenic effect on the neuron and descriptive case studies and results from animal studies have suggested that advancing age increases the vulnerability to both seizure induction and acute neurological events for partial epilepsy and possibly for generalized-onset epilepsy, as well (reviewed in Wozniak et al, 1991;Hauser, 1992;Kerr et al, 2002). However, while it has been suggested that old age is the most common time for people to develop seizures (Hauser, 1992;Wallace et al, 1998), little is known about whether aging per se is an independent risk factor for epileptogenesis. Likewise, while epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions, our understanding of the molecular pathways that regulate cell death after seizure activity remain in their infancy and largely lag behind work in other areas of brain injury.…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, and brain tumors), the incidence of convulsive disorders in the elderly is increased even among those with unprovoked seizures without an identified cause (reviewed in Hauser, 1992). Case studies suggest that aging alone may have an epileptogenic effect on the neuron and descriptive case studies and results from animal studies have suggested that advancing age increases the vulnerability to both seizure induction and acute neurological events for partial epilepsy and possibly for generalized-onset epilepsy, as well (reviewed in Wozniak et al, 1991;Hauser, 1992;Kerr et al, 2002). However, while it has been suggested that old age is the most common time for people to develop seizures (Hauser, 1992;Wallace et al, 1998), little is known about whether aging per se is an independent risk factor for epileptogenesis.…”

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Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

et al. 2008

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While the onset and extent of epilepsy increases in the aged population, the reasons for this increased incidence remain unexplored. The present study used two inbred strains of mice (C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ) to address the genetic control of age-dependent neurodegeneration by building upon previous experiments that have identified phenotypic differences in susceptibility to hippocampal seizure-induced cell death. We determined if seizure induction and seizure-induced cell death are affected differentially in young adult, mature, and aged male C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ mice administered the excitotoxin, kainic acid. Dose response testing was performed in three-four groups of male mice from each strain. Following kainate injections, mice were scored for seizure activity and brains from mice in each age group were processed for light microscopic histopathologic evaluation seven days following kainate administration to evaluate the severity of seizure-induced brain damage. Irrespective of the dose of kainate administered or the age group examined, resistant strains of mice (C57BL/6J) continued to be resistant to seizure-induced cell death. In contrast, aged animals of the FVB/NJ strain were more vulnerable to the induction of behavioral seizures and associated neuropathology after systemic injection of kainic acid than young or middle-aged mice.Results from these studies suggest that the age-related increased susceptibility to the neurotoxic effects of seizure induction and seizure-induced injury is regulated in a strain-dependent manner, similar to previous observations in young adult mice. Keywords mouse strain; excitotoxicity; kainic acid; epilepsy; cell death; aging Knowledge about the influence of aging on the susceptibility of the brain to seizure disorders is of critical importance in geriatric medicine and public health. Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder after stroke, affecting more than 50 million persons worldwide and with a 2-3% life time risk of being given a diagnosis of epilepsy (Browne and Holmes, 2001). Currently it is well known that there is a significant incidence of epilepsy in children. However, less clearly recognized but of increasing importance is the significant incidence of epilepsy in Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript the elderly population. Recent studies in the United States and Europe indicate that the agespecific incidence of epilepsy is higher in those over the age of 65 years than in those in the first decade of life (Talli...

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Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

et al. 2008

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“…This is very important because caloric restriction can be used in the therapeutics of diseases associated with the decrease of neuropeptide levels, such as epilepsy (Azarbar et al 2010;Hartman and Stafstrom 2013). It is known that aging brain is more susceptible to epileptic seizures (Hauser 1992;Hattiangady et al 2011) that was associated to the reduced levels of NPY and SS, neuropeptides known to have anticonvulsive properties (Baraban 2004;Stanley et al 2012). Indeed, it is known that caloric restriction reduces the epileptic seizures (Bough et al 1999;Azarbar et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old-onset caloric restriction effects on neuropeptide Y- and somatostatin-containing neurons and on cholinergic varicosities in the rat hippocampal formation

Cardoso

Silva

Magano

et al. 2014

AGE

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Caloric restriction is able to delay age-related neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment. In this study, we analyzed the effects of old-onset caloric restriction that started at 18 months of age, in the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-and somatostatin (SS)-containing neurons of the hippocampal formation. Knowing that these neuropeptidergic systems seem to be dependent of the cholinergic system, we also analyzed the number of cholinergic varicosities. Animals with 6 months of age (adult controls) and with 18 months of age were used. The animals aged 18 months were randomly assigned to controls or to caloric-restricted groups. Adult and old control rats were maintained in the ad libitum regimen during 6 months. Caloric-restricted rats were fed, during 6 months, with 60 % of the amount of food consumed by controls. We found that aging induced a reduction of the total number of NPY-and SS-positive neurons in the hippocampal formation accompanied by a decrease of the cholinergic varicosities. Conversely, the 24-month-oldonset caloric-restricted animals maintained the number of those peptidergic neurons and the density of the cholinergic varicosities similar to the 12-month control rats. These results suggest that the aging-associated reduction of these neuropeptide-expressing neurons is not due to neuronal loss and may be dependent of the cholinergic system. More importantly, caloric restriction has beneficial effects in the NPY-and SS-expressing neurons and in the cholinergic system, even when applied in old age.

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“…It affects 40% of the patients in adult series, and seizures arising from the mesial temporal lobe structures (i.e., amygdala and hippocampus) are the most common type (Babb and Brown, 1986;Hauser, 1992;Bertram, 2009). Several studies have demonstrated that mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is the most frequent histological finding in patients with mesial TLE (MTLE), and most of them suggested that cell loss and gliosis in specific subfields of the hippocampus were the most distinctive histological feature (Feuerstein and Hertting, 1986;Andrade and Nicoll, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala gene expression of NMDA and GABA_A receptors in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Moura¹,

Tirapelli²,

Neder³

et al. 2010

Hippocampus

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ABSTRACT:Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of partial epilepsy and affects 40% of the patients. Seizures arising from the mesial temporal lobe structures (i.e., amygdala and hippocampus) are common, whereas neocortical seizures are rare. In recent years, many studies aimed to identify the pattern of gene expression of neurotransmitters involved in molecular mechanisms of epilepsy. We used real-time PCR to quantify the expression of GABA A (subunits a1, b1, b2) and NMDA (subunits NR1, NR2A, and NR2B) receptor genes in amygdalae of 27 patients with TLE and 14 amygdalae from autopsy controls. The NR1 subunit was increased in patients with epilepsy when compared with controls. No differences were found in expression of NMDA subunits NR2A and NR2B or in a1, b1, and b2 subunits of GABA A receptors. Our results suggest that the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors is involved in the amygdala hyperexcitability in some of the patients with TLE. V V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Seizure Disorders: The Changes With Age

Cited by 338 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

Old-onset caloric restriction effects on neuropeptide Y- and somatostatin-containing neurons and on cholinergic varicosities in the rat hippocampal formation

Amygdala gene expression of NMDA and GABA_A receptors in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

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Seizure Disorders: The Changes With Age

Cited by 338 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

Effect of age on kainate-induced seizure severity and cell death

Old-onset caloric restriction effects on neuropeptide Y- and somatostatin-containing neurons and on cholinergic varicosities in the rat hippocampal formation

Amygdala gene expression of NMDA and GABAA receptors in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

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Amygdala gene expression of NMDA and GABA_A receptors in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy