Seismicity of block-and-ash flows occurring during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska

DeRoin, Nicole; McNutt, Stephen R.; Sentman, D. D.; Reyes, C. G.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.10.007

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In this paper, the pressure values are obtained by dividing the normal forces exerted on the load cell plate by its surface. The load cell profiles are therefore different from seismograms which record ground vibrations generated by traveling geophysical flows [e.g., DeRoin et al , 2012]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granular pressure at the base of dry flows of angular rock fragments as a function of grain size and flow volume: A relationship from laboratory experiments

Cagnoli¹,

Romano²

2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Experiments are carried out by releasing angular rock fragments down a curved chute and by measuring the basal pressures that are exerted by the granular flows on the basal containing surface (the substrate). The purpose of these experiments is to understand the mechanisms of energy dissipation and interaction with the ground of rock avalanches and dense pyroclastic flows. Our data show that collisions due to particle agitation affect significantly the basal interaction of granular flows. In particular, our experiments reveal that particle agitation per unit of flow mass increases as grain size increases or as flow volume decreases (with all the other features the same). This is so because as grain size increases or as flow volume decreases (with all the other features the same), there are fewer particles in the flows and the agitation due to the interaction with the rough containing boundary surfaces penetrates relatively more inside the flows. The analysis of the experimental data generates a linear relationship between particle agitation (expressed as a dimensionless basal pressure deviation) and a parameter which is directly proportional to the square of grain size and inversely proportional to the cube root of flow volume. This relationship shows the intrinsic ability of the granular flows to dissipate more energy (larger particle agitation per unit of flow mass) or less energy (smaller particle agitation per unit of flow mass) as a function of flow volume and grain size.Citation: Cagnoli, B., and G. P. Romano (2012), Granular pressure at the base of dry flows of angular rock fragments as a function of grain size and flow volume: A relationship from laboratory experiments,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granular pressure at the base of dry flows of angular rock fragments as a function of grain size and flow volume: A relationship from laboratory experiments

Cagnoli¹,

Romano²

2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Zobin et al (2009) also demonstrated that the seismic signals are similar for PDCs generated by the collapse of a lava dome or the collapse of an eruption column. DeRoin et al (2012) compared seismic data with visual observation at Augustine Volcano (Alaska) to calculate PDC velocities and demonstrated that seismic observations can "provide hazard monitoring information on directions, durations, sizes, and run-out distances." Calvari et al (2020) studied eruptive activity at Stromboli (Italy) and recorded seismic signals of PDCs entering the sea.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tracking a Pyroclastic Density Current With Seismic Signals at Mt. Etna (Italy)

2023

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Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are dangerous flows of volcanic rock and gas that are the most deadly proximal volcano hazard. There is significant interest in better understanding PDC dynamics, however, they are challenging to study due to their extreme hazard, unpredictable occurrence, and because complex internal dynamics are obscured by visually opaque clouds of ash. PDCs exert forces on Earth's surface and generate seismic waves. Here, we use seismic data recorded by the permanent monitoring network at Mt. Etna (Italy) to track the 11 February 2014 PDC at second‐scale temporal resolution and calculate a maximum velocity of 76 m/s (274 km/hr). We identify multiple pulses and show that the late‐stage source locations correspond with the mapped coarse‐grained PDC deposits. High temporal and spatial resolution measurements of PDC movement from seismic data can be used to inform numerical modeling of PDC dynamics and aid in hazard assessment by improving our understanding of PDC flow paths. This work illustrates how seismic signals can be used to track surficial mass movements in real‐time.

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Rockfalls at Augustine Volcano, Alaska: The influence of eruption precursors and seasonal factors on occurrence patterns 1997–2009

DeRoin

McNutt

2012

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Seismicity of block-and-ash flows occurring during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Granular pressure at the base of dry flows of angular rock fragments as a function of grain size and flow volume: A relationship from laboratory experiments

Granular pressure at the base of dry flows of angular rock fragments as a function of grain size and flow volume: A relationship from laboratory experiments

Tracking a Pyroclastic Density Current With Seismic Signals at Mt. Etna (Italy)

Rockfalls at Augustine Volcano, Alaska: The influence of eruption precursors and seasonal factors on occurrence patterns 1997–2009

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