Seismic risk analysis of wind turbine support structures

Mardfekri, Maryam; Gardoni, Paolo

doi:10.1533/9780857098986.4.716

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In a practice consistent with those conducted for calculation of wind and wave loads, for given intensity and duration parameters and frequency content of the ground motion, Mardfekri and Gardoni generated synthetic ground motions using a stochastic model proposed by Rezaeian and Der Kiureghian . Generated synthetic ground motion time histories are then applied as a time history of force F ( t ) to the platform.…”

Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same candidate explanatory functions as those of Mardfekri and Gardoni considered in their study are selected in this paper. Table presents the candidate explanatory functions.…”

Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use five bins on the basis of the moment magnitude ( M eq ) and the closest distance between the record location and the rupture zone ( R eq ) to capture all possible characteristics of the earthquake. More details on the analytical modeling to generate virtual experiment data are presented in Mardfekri and Gardoni …”

Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this limitation, Mardfekri and Gardoni used the detailed 3D non‐linear FE models developed in Mardfekri and Gardoni to conduct time history analyses of offshore wind turbines subject to seismic loading in addition to day‐to‐day operational loading accounting for the dynamic soil‐structure interaction. Using the generated data, Mardfekri and Gardoni also developed probabilistic models for the seismic demands on the support structure. The developed probabilistic models were then used to assess the reliability of support structures conditioning on spectral acceleration and the mean wind speed acting on the structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a first step, we develop novel probabilistic models for the shear and moment demands on the support structures subject to extreme wind loads in addition to seismic loads. The models are developed by updating available probabilistic seismic demand models using additional virtual experiment data generated for support structures subject to extreme wind loads like those experienced during hurricanes. The virtual experimental data are obtained by developing detailed 3D non‐linear FE models of wind turbines accounting for the dynamic soil‐structure interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi‐hazard reliability assessment of offshore wind turbines

Mardfekri

Gardoni

2014

Wind Energy

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A probabilistic framework is developed to assess the structural reliability of offshore wind turbines. Probabilistic models are developed to predict the deformation, shear force and bending moment demands on the support structure of wind turbines. The proposed probabilistic models are developed starting from a commonly accepted deterministic model and by adding correction terms and model errors to capture respectively, the inherent bias and the uncertainty in developed models. A Bayesian approach is then used to assess the model parameters incorporating the information from virtual experiment data. The database of virtual experiments is generated using detailed three-dimensional finite element analyses of a suite of typical offshore wind turbines. The finite element analyses properly account for the nonlinear soil-structure interaction. Separate probabilistic demand models are developed for three operational/load conditions including: (1) operating under day-to-day wind and wave loading; (2) operating throughout earthquake in presence of day-to-day loads; and (3) parked under extreme wind speeds and earthquake ground motions. The proposed approach gives special attention to the treatment of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties in predicting the demands on the support structure of wind turbines. The developed demand models are then used to assess the reliability of the support structure of wind turbines based on the proposed damage states for typical wind turbines and their corresponding performance levels. A multi-hazard fragility surface of a given wind turbine support structure as well as the seismic and wind hazards at a specific site location are incorporated into a probabilistic framework to estimate the annual probability of failure of the support iii structure. Finally, a framework is proposed to investigate the performance of offshore wind turbines operating under day-to-day loads based on their availability for power production. To this end, probabilistic models are proposed to predict the mean and standard deviation of drift response of the tower. The results are used in a random vibration based framework to assess the fragility as the probability of exceeding certain drift thresholds given specific levels of wind speed.

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Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same candidate explanatory functions as those of Mardfekri and Gardoni considered in their study are selected in this paper. Table presents the candidate explanatory functions.…”

Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Probabilistic Demand Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi‐hazard reliability assessment of offshore wind turbines

Mardfekri

Gardoni

2014

Wind Energy

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Wind turbines and seismic hazard: a state-of-the-art review

2016

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Wind energy is a rapidly growing field of renewable energy and as such, intensive scientific and societal interest has been already attracted. Research on wind turbine structures has been mostly focused on the structural analysis, design and/or assessment of wind turbines mainly against normal (environmental) exposures while, so far, only marginal attention has been spent on considering extreme natural hazards that threat the reliability of the lifetime-oriented wind turbine's performance. Especially, recent installations of numerous wind turbines in earthquake prone areas worldwide (e.g., China, USA, India, Southern Europe and East Asia) highlight the necessity for thorough consideration of the seismic implications on these energy harnessing systems. Along these lines, this state-of-the-art paper presents a comparative survey of the published research relevant to the seismic analysis, design and assessment of wind turbines. Based on numerical simulation, either deterministic or probabilistic approaches are reviewed, since they have been adopted to investigate the sensitivity of wind turbines' structural capacity and reliability in earthquake-induced loading. The relevance of seismic hazard for wind turbines is further enlightened by available experimental studies, being also comprehensively reported through this paper. The main contribution of the study presented herein is to identify the key factors for wind turbines' seismic performance while important milestones for ongoing and future advancement are emphasized.

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Seismic risk analysis of wind turbine support structures

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Multi‐hazard reliability assessment of offshore wind turbines

Multi‐hazard reliability assessment of offshore wind turbines

Wind turbines and seismic hazard: a state-of-the-art review

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