Wind energy is a rapidly growing field of renewable energy and as such, intensive scientific and societal interest has been already attracted. Research on wind turbine structures has been mostly focused on the structural analysis, design and/or assessment of wind turbines mainly against normal (environmental) exposures while, so far, only marginal attention has been spent on considering extreme natural hazards that threat the reliability of the lifetime-oriented wind turbine's performance. Especially, recent installations of numerous wind turbines in earthquake prone areas worldwide (e.g., China, USA, India, Southern Europe and East Asia) highlight the necessity for thorough consideration of the seismic implications on these energy harnessing systems. Along these lines, this state-of-the-art paper presents a comparative survey of the published research relevant to the seismic analysis, design and assessment of wind turbines. Based on numerical simulation, either deterministic or probabilistic approaches are reviewed, since they have been adopted to investigate the sensitivity of wind turbines' structural capacity and reliability in earthquake-induced loading. The relevance of seismic hazard for wind turbines is further enlightened by available experimental studies, being also comprehensively reported through this paper. The main contribution of the study presented herein is to identify the key factors for wind turbines' seismic performance while important milestones for ongoing and future advancement are emphasized.
This article presents a Matlab-based educational software developed at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in Greece, in order to familiarize students and young engineers with fundamental concepts of structural dynamics and, in particular, soil-structure interaction problems. This user-friendly educational tool aims to assist the students in comprehending the nature of this complex phenomenon and the role played by the physical parameters involved, while increasing their awareness of the potential impact of neglecting soil flexibility during seismic design of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. This software is also used as a case study for teaching the development of civil engineering-oriented applications in Matlab within a course where all the relevant material is provided online. Two demonstration examples are comparatively assessed to illustrate the applicability of the software and justify the necessity of its implementation in class, while the integration of the software in the curriculum as well as students' feedback is also discussed. ß
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.