Seismic Response of Soft Deposits due to Landslide: The Mission Peak, California, Landslide

Hartzell, Stephen H.; Leeds, Alena L.; Jibson, Randall W.

doi:10.1785/0120170033

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Surface morphology (inclination, convexity, and height) can cause amplification at both larger ridge scales and smaller site scales (Hough et al, ; Kaiser et al, ; Meunier et al, ). Several studies demonstrated amplification phenomena in slopes prone to landsliding (Del Gaudio & Wasowski, , ; Hartzell et al, ; Moore et al, ). These works show that amplification observed at different stations reveals peaks coinciding with potential sliding directions, and this implies greater slope susceptibility to seismic failure with respect to what can be estimated by conventional (pseudo‐static) slope stability analyses (Del Gaudio et al, ).…”

Section: Coseismic Landslidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Fan

Scaringi

Korup

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

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325

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Large earthquakes initiate chains of surface processes that last much longer than the brief moments of strong shaking. Most moderate‐ and large‐magnitude earthquakes trigger landslides, ranging from small failures in the soil cover to massive, devastating rock avalanches. Some landslides dam rivers and impound lakes, which can collapse days to centuries later, and flood mountain valleys for hundreds of kilometers downstream. Landslide deposits on slopes can remobilize during heavy rainfall and evolve into debris flows. Cracks and fractures can form and widen on mountain crests and flanks, promoting increased frequency of landslides that lasts for decades. More gradual impacts involve the flushing of excess debris downstream by rivers, which can generate bank erosion and floodplain accretion as well as channel avulsions that affect flooding frequency, settlements, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Ultimately, earthquake sequences and their geomorphic consequences alter mountain landscapes over both human and geologic time scales. Two recent events have attracted intense research into earthquake‐induced landslides and their consequences: the magnitude M 7.6 Chi‐Chi, Taiwan earthquake of 1999, and the M 7.9 Wenchuan, China earthquake of 2008. Using data and insights from these and several other earthquakes, we analyze how such events initiate processes that change mountain landscapes, highlight research gaps, and suggest pathways toward a more complete understanding of the seismic effects on the Earth's surface.

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Section: Coseismic Landslidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Fan

Scaringi

Korup

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

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610

325

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“…Therefore to sum up, from here and in the light of previous studies, the best options we have to explain the observed frequencies of amplification and the measured directionality at stations on the studied ridge are (i) the topographic surface geometry; (ii) the stratigraphy; and (iii) subsurface anisotropy due to, for example, landslides, schistosity and/or fractures associated with topographic stress (Del Gaudio et al, 2008;Formisano et al, 2012;Pischiutta and Rovelli, 2014;Hailemikael et al, 2016;Hartzell et al, 2017;Stolte et al, 2017;Assimaki and Mohammadi, 2018). These possible explanations should be tested with detailed numerical models.…”

Section: Amplification Of Ground Motion and Potential Dominant Directionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Seismic Response of a Mountain Ridge Prone to Landsliding

Rault

Chao

Gelis

et al. 2020

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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During an earthquake, site effects can play an important role in triggering landslides. To document the seismic response of steep hillslopes, we deployed broadband seismometers across a mountain ridge in Taiwan, in an area with a high earthquake-induced landslide hazard. The ridge has a simple, representative shape, and landslides have previously occurred there. Our seismometer array has recorded continuously during more than 1 yr, with both ambient-noise and regional moderate earthquakes as sources. Processing horizontal and vertical signal components, we show that the ridge has a complex response, which we attribute to the combined effects of the subsurface geology and the topographic geometry. Amplification and directionality of ground motion are observed both high and low on the ridge, giving rise to localized, elevated, earthquake-induced landslide hazard. Our database contains earthquakes with mostly similar locations, making it difficult to determine the effect of earthquake back azimuth on the ridge response. A part of the ridge response, possibly due to topographic effects, seems to be explained by a model derived from a frequency scale curvature proxy at low frequency. If correct, this would be a promising first step toward improving local ground-motion estimation in mountain areas. However, the definition of appropriate scaling parameters of site effects based on geophysical measurements, for use in regional and global landslide hazard equations applicable to mountain areas with substantial regolith thickness, remains a significant challenge.

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“…However, during the first stage of the long run-out, i.e., the ejection of the sliding mass, the dynamic response was also influenced by the inertia seismic force because of the initial acceleration of the sliding mass. In fact, as for formation mechanism of earthquake-induced landslides, lots of researches are conducted and many results are obtained in these years (Keefer 2002;Chigira et al 2003;Biondi et al 2004;Chernouss et al 2006;Chigira and Yagi 2006;Meunier et al 2008;Jibson 2011;Strenk and Wartman 2011;Meunier et al 2013;Del Gaudio et al 2014;Gorum et al 2014;Rizzitano et al 2014;West et al 2014;Gallen et al 2015;Basharat et al 2016;Fan et al 2016;Grant et al 2016;Saade et al 2016;Chang et al 2017;Croissant et al 2017;Hartzell et al 2017;Hu et al 2018;Nowicki Jessee et al 2018;Roback et al 2018;Fan et al 2019). Among these results, such factors as local topography, lithology, rock mass structure & tectonics, ground water and seismic force were fully discussed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic response of the Daguangbao landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake with a composite hypocenter

Cui

Xiong

et al. 2021

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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To identify the correspondence between the different dynamic responses of the Daguangbao landslide and the different faulting mechanisms of the composite-hypocenter, the whole hypocenter of the Wenchuan earthquake was divided into four sub-hypocenters. On another hand, based on the location of the Dauangbao landslide, the composite-hypocenter was divided into the Initial Sub-hypocenter, the Approaching Sub-hypocenter, the Local Sub-hypocenter, the Receding sub-hypocenter and the Terminal sub-hypocenter. Subsequently, dynamic response of the landslide was modeled by using UDEC software. The results show that progressive damage and critical failure of the mega landslide are triggered by the second subhypocenter. Simutaneously, with respect to the second classification basis, its progressive damage is induced by the Approaching Hypocenter and the Local Hypocenter in time sequence. The Local Hypocenter triggers its critical failure. During the long-runout stage, besides the local topography, its self-gravity poses a dominant contribution to the dynamic responses of the landslide. Especially, the inertial seismic force is another key factor that triggers the ejection stage of the landslide. The following seismic forces triggered by the corresponding sub-hypocenter influence the long-runout stage slightly. The horizontal seismic force poses a dominant contribution to the progressive damage and critical failure of the mega landslide.

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Seismic Response of Soft Deposits due to Landslide: The Mission Peak, California, Landslide

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Earthquake‐Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Impacts

Seismic Response of a Mountain Ridge Prone to Landsliding

Dynamic response of the Daguangbao landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake with a composite hypocenter

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