Seismic response of Beirut (Lebanon) buildings: instrumental results from ambient vibrations

Salameh, Christelle; Guillier, Bertrand; Harb, Jacques; Cornou, Cécile; Bard, Pierre‐Yves; Mariscal, Armand

doi:10.1007/s10518-016-9920-9

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Pre-1974 high-rise buildings were constructed with C N 15 and low-rise buildings with C N 24. In such a case, (1) this is inconsistent with the single C N value found by Oliveira (2004), Michel, Guéguen, Lestuzzi, et al (2010), and Salameh et al (2014) for both types of buildings, (2) the difference cannot be explained, as at the time there was no building code, and thus the constructive system was identical for both types of buildings. Moreover, it would imply that the buildings have not been affected, neither by aging nor by earthquakes, including the 1974 event, and thus they would still be able to sustain a 30%-35% loss of frequency before entering into a hazardous frequency domain (Dunand et al, 2004(Dunand et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Establishing Empirical Period Formula for RC Buildings in Lima, Peru: Evidence for the Impact of Both the 1974 Lima Earthquake and the Application of the Peruvian Seismic Code on High-Rise Buildings

Guillier

Chatelain

Tavera

et al. 2014

Seismological Research Letters

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…; in France (C N ≈ 25) by Michel,Guéguen, Lestuzzi, et al (2010); and in Lebanon (C N ≈ 25) bySalameh et al (2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Establishing Empirical Period Formula for RC Buildings in Lima, Peru: Evidence for the Impact of Both the 1974 Lima Earthquake and the Application of the Peruvian Seismic Code on High-Rise Buildings

Guillier

Chatelain

Tavera

et al. 2014

Seismological Research Letters

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“…Most seismic codes assume a 5% constant value of damping without correlating it with the fundamental period of the structure. In a recent study, Salameh et al [58] demonstrated that the damping is related to the soil foundation and the building geometry. In our study it appears also evident a variability linked to the different rigidity of this complex structure as a function of the longitudinal or transversal orientation of its structural elements.…”

Section: Ambient Vibration Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Vibrations Measurements and 1D Site Response Modelling as a Tool for Soil and Building Properties Investigation

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The safety of historic buildings heritage is an important task that becomes more substantial when it is directed to educational purposes. The present study aims at evaluating the dynamic features of the Benedettini complex, a historic monastery located in downtown Catania, which is at present the headquarters of the humanistic studies department of the University of Catania. Both the building's complex response to a seismic input and the soil-structure interaction were investigated using ambient noise recordings. The results point out a multiple dynamic behaviour of the monastery structure that shows several oscillation modes, whereas the identification of a single natural frequency can be observed in some sites where the structure can more freely oscillate. This observation is also confirmed by the variability of computed damping values that appear linked to the different rigidity of the structure, as a function of the either the longitudinal or transversal orientation of the investigated structural elements. Moreover, the comparison between the building's fundamental period and spectral ratios frequencies, which were obtained from free field ambient noise measurements located outside the monastery, outline the presence of potential resonance effects between the site and structure during a seismic event. Numerical modelling of the local seismic response confirms the obtained experimental site frequencies, setting into evidence that higher amplification factors are reached in the same frequency range characterizing the building.

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“…Regarding site information, a total of 827 sites were measured for the Beirut City area (Brax 2013;Salloum et al 2014;Salameh et al 2016) to obtain the soil resonance frequency map of Beirut using HVSR (horizontal to vertical spectral ratio) approach (Nakamura 1989). The large density of measurements allowed to derive interpolated maps of both soil frequency and A 0HV amplitude, which could in turn be used to estimate the f struct /f soil and A 0HV values for each of the 7692 buildings.…”

Section: Application To Beirutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using ambient vibration measurements for risk assessment at an urban scale: from numerical proof of concept to Beirut case study (Lebanon)

Salameh

Bard

Guillier

et al. 2017

Earth Planets Space

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Post-seismic investigations repeatedly indicate that structures having frequencies close to foundation soil frequencies exhibit significantly heavier damages (Caracas 1967; Mexico 1985; Pujili, Ecuador 1996; L' Aquila 2009). However, observations of modal frequencies of soils and buildings in a region or within a current seismic risk analysis are not fully considered together, even when past earthquakes have demonstrated that coinciding soil and building frequencies leads to greater damage. The present paper thus focuses on a comprehensive numerical analysis to investigate the effect of coincidence between site and building frequencies. A total of 887 realistic soil profiles are coupled with a set of 141 single-degree-of-freedom elastoplastic oscillators, and their combined (nonlinear) response is computed for both linear and nonlinear soil behaviors, for a large number (60) of synthetic input signals with various PGA levels and frequency contents. The associated damage is quantified on the basis of the maximum displacement as compared to both yield and ultimate post-elastic displacements, according to the RISK-UE project recommendations (Lagomarsino and Giovinazzi in Bull Earthq Eng 4(4): 2006), and compared with the damage obtained in the case of a similar building located on rock. The correlation between this soil/rock damage increment and a number of simplified mechanical and loading parameters is then analyzed using a neural network approach. The results emphasize the key role played by the building/soil frequency ratio even when both soil and building behave nonlinearly; other important parameters are the PGA level, the soil/rock velocity contrast and the building ductility. A numerical investigation based on simulation of ambient noise for the whole set of 887 profiles also indicates that the amplitude of H/V ratio may be considered as a satisfactory proxy for site amplification when applied to measurements at urban scale. A very easy implementation of this method, using ambient vibration measurements both at ground level and within buildings, is illustrated with an example application for the city of Beirut (Lebanon).

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Seismic response of Beirut (Lebanon) buildings: instrumental results from ambient vibrations

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 29 publications

References 50 publications

Establishing Empirical Period Formula for RC Buildings in Lima, Peru: Evidence for the Impact of Both the 1974 Lima Earthquake and the Application of the Peruvian Seismic Code on High-Rise Buildings

Establishing Empirical Period Formula for RC Buildings in Lima, Peru: Evidence for the Impact of Both the 1974 Lima Earthquake and the Application of the Peruvian Seismic Code on High-Rise Buildings

Ambient Vibrations Measurements and 1D Site Response Modelling as a Tool for Soil and Building Properties Investigation

Using ambient vibration measurements for risk assessment at an urban scale: from numerical proof of concept to Beirut case study (Lebanon)

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