Seed tissue and nutrient partitioning, a case for the nucellus

Lü, Jing; Magnani, Enrico

doi:10.1007/s00497-018-0338-1

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Despite the fact that nucellus development varies between species, the functional significance of intra- and inter-species variation in nucellus size has remained unclear (Rudall et al, 2005; Rudall et al, 2008; Endress 2011; Lu and Magnani 2018). In cereals, hypotheses suggest that a bigger nucellus might provide a larger repository of amino acids, carbohydrates, or hexose sugars that are required for the early stages of grain development (Wilkinson et al, 2018), but this has yet to be conclusively shown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Variation in Ovule Morphology Is Influenced by Multiple Tissues and Impacts Downstream Grain Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

et al. 2019

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The ovule plays a critical role in cereal yield as it is the site of fertilization and the progenitor of the grain. The ovule primordium is generally comprised of three domains, the funiculus, chalaza, and nucellus, which give rise to distinct tissues including the integuments, nucellar projection, and embryo sac. The size and arrangement of these domains varies significantly between model eudicots, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, and agriculturally important monocotyledonous cereal species, such as Hordeum vulgare (barley). However, the amount of variation in ovule development among genotypes of a single species, and its functional significance, remains unclear. To address this, wholemount clearing was used to examine the details of ovule development in barley. Nine sporophytic and gametophytic features were examined at ovule maturity in a panel of 150 European two-row spring barley genotypes, and compared with grain traits from the preceding and same generation. Correlations were identified between ovule traits and features of grain they produced, which in general highlighted a negative correlation between nucellus area, ovule area, and grain weight. We speculate that the amount of ovule tissue, particularly the size of the nucellus, may affect the timing of maternal resource allocation to the fertilized embryo sac, thereby influencing subsequent grain development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Variation in Ovule Morphology Is Influenced by Multiple Tissues and Impacts Downstream Grain Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

et al. 2019

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“…The nucellus is a tissue of maternal origin that gives rise to and supports the early female gametophyte and developing seed, and in many species degenerates through PCD (Lu and Magnani, 2018). In aubergine (Solanum melongena), a putative cysteine protease similar to tobacco's has been identified and is expressed in nucellar cells as well as in several other tissue types that undergo PCD (Xu and Chye, 1999).…”

Section: Proteases In Seed Integument and Nucellus Pcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant proteases during developmental programmed cell death

Buono

Hudecek

Nowack

2019

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Proteases are among the key regulators of most forms of programmed cell death (PCD) in animals. Also in plants, many PCD processes have been associated with protease expression or activation. However, the functional evidence of the roles and actual modes of action of plant proteases in PCD remains surprisingly limited. In this review, we give an update on protease involvement in the context of developmentally regulated plant PCD. To illustrate the diversity of protease functions, we focus on several prominent developmental PCD processes, including xylem and tapetum maturation, suspensor elimination, endosperm degradation and seed coat formation, as well as plant senescence processes. Despite the substantial advance in the field, protease functions are still often only correlatively linked to developmental PCD, and the specific molecular roles of proteases in many developmental PCD processes remain to be elucidated.

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“…Mainly in stage 6 (open flower), several genes belonging to proteases (e.g., METACASPASE9 and SUBTILASES), nucleases (e.g., ENDONUCLEASE), and cell wall modifying enzymes (e.g., ENDOGLUCANASE and b-GLUCOSIDASE) are strongly upregulated in jai1-1 ovules ( Figure 2D). It is possible that the enzymes encoded by these genes might mediate morphological changes in jai1-1 ovules, since proteases and nucleases have been implicated in nucellus degeneration by PCD (Lu and Magnani, 2018). Therefore, ovule morphology was analyzed in carpel cross sections ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Jasmonate-insensitivity Alters the Transcriptome In Ovulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maternal tissue of the ovule also undergoes drastic changes, such as a rapid phase of cell division and expansion in the integuments (Haughn and Chaudhury, 2005). In several plant species, the proximal region of the nucellus undergoes programmed cell death (PCD) and partially or totally disappears (Lu and Magnani, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato MYB21 Acts in Ovules to Mediate Jasmonate-Regulated Fertility

et al. 2019

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The function of the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) in the development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) flowers was analyzed with a mutant defective in JA perception (jasmonate-insensitive1-1, jai1-1). In contrast with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) JA-insensitive plants, which are male sterile, the tomato jai1-1 mutant is female sterile, with major defects in female development. To identify putative JA-dependent regulatory components, we performed transcriptomics on ovules from flowers at three developmental stages from wild type and jai1-1 mutants. One of the strongly downregulated genes in jai1-1 encodes the MYB transcription factor SlMYB21. Its Arabidopsis ortholog plays a crucial role in JA-regulated stamen development. SlMYB21 was shown here to exhibit transcription factor activity in yeast, to interact with SlJAZ9 in yeast and in planta, and to complement Arabidopsis myb21-5. To analyze SlMYB21 function, we generated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) mutants and identified a mutant by Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING). These mutants showed female sterility, corroborating a function of MYB21 in tomato ovule development. Transcriptomics analysis of wild type, jai1-1, and myb21-2 carpels revealed processes that might be controlled by SlMYB21. The data suggest positive regulation of JA biosynthesis by SlMYB21, but negative regulation of auxin and gibberellins. The results demonstrate that SlMYB21 mediates at least partially the action of JA and might control the flower-to-fruit transition.

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Seed tissue and nutrient partitioning, a case for the nucellus

Cited by 28 publications

References 73 publications

Natural Variation in Ovule Morphology Is Influenced by Multiple Tissues and Impacts Downstream Grain Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Natural Variation in Ovule Morphology Is Influenced by Multiple Tissues and Impacts Downstream Grain Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Plant proteases during developmental programmed cell death

Tomato MYB21 Acts in Ovules to Mediate Jasmonate-Regulated Fertility

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