Seed set and some cytological characters in different generations of autotetraploid perennial rye (Secale montanumGuss)

Abstract

Artificial autotetraploids of diploid perennial rye (Secale montanum Guss) plants were obtained by colchicine treatment. C 1 C 2 and C 3 generations of autotetraploid perennial rye were compared for seed set and cytological characteristics such as irregularities in metaphase I (univalents) and anaphase I and II (lagging chromosomes and/or chromatids and bridge formation) and micronuclei in tetrads. In the three generations (C 1 C 2 and C 3) the percentage of cells with univalents was 18.51, 14.56 and 9.38% respectively. The percentage of cells with irregular anaphase I with univalents was 23.43, 15.93 and 7.85%, and for anaphase II cells it was 20.93, 16.47 and 7.16. The percentage of tetrads with micronuclei was 18.17, 14.07 and 6.17% and seed set was 27.72, 43.51 and 59.59% respectively. A negative correlation was found between seed set and the cytological characteristics investigated. The correlations among the characters investigated during meiosis division were statistically significant. Selection of vigorous plants of autotetraploid perennial rye increased seed setting by increasing the cytological balance. However, abnormalities in the early stage of meiosis division were reflected in the later stages of meiosis.

Study of some Physiological and Molecular Indicators of Bread Wheat Treated with Colchicine

“…The notable disparity in the treatments for this attribute may be attributed to the impact of colchicine, which results in cell size doubling and subsequently leads to an elongation of the stoma. This finding aligns with the results reported by [15], which demonstrated the impact of colchicine alkaloid on the elongation of stomata. Table 6.…”

“…The observed disparity in treatment outcomes can potentially be attributed to the significant impact of colchicine on cellular expansion, resulting in an enlargement of plant cells and subsequently widening of the stomatal aperture. This finding aligns with the findings reported by [15],who investigated the mutagenic properties of colchicine and its influence on stomatal width augmentation. Table 7.…”

“…The Babel variety exhibited the lowest average measurement of 3.04 µm, accompanied by a growth rate of 25.65%. The observed variation in this trait among different cultivars can potentially be attributed to genetic differences within each cultivar, as supported by [15] findings.…”