Sedimentation rates in Lake Chapala (western Mexico): possible active tectonic control

Fernex, F.; Valle, Pedro Zárate-del; Ramírez-Sánchez, Hermes Ulises; Michaud, François; Parron, C.; Dalmasso, J.; Barci-Funel, G.; Guzmán-Arroyo, Manuel

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00346-6

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We therefore consider uplift at the 33.7-22.5 ka rate of 4.9 cm/year untenable for the 74-33.7 ka period as it would require unrealistic sedimentation rates for Lake Toba. However, if the uplift rate for the 74-33.7 ka period was 1.12 cm/year (Figure 6 B-B ′ ), the sedimentation rate would be 0.25 cm/year or 2.5 mm/year (100 m/40 ka), closer to our maximum rate calculated above from Tomok and the highest sedimentation rates reported from Lake Chapala near pro-delta slopes there (Fernex et al, 2001). For this reason we suggest the inflection of uplift rate at ∼34 ka is realistic.…”

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobasupporting

confidence: 79%

“…These two estimates suggest 100 m of sediment would require between ∼125 and 50 ka, much longer than the 40 ka constraint placed by the C 14 ages. The 0.8-2 mm/year sedimentation rates are consistent with long-term sedimentation rates in lakes in volcanically and tectonically active areas such as Lake Chalpas, Guatemala, and Lake Baikal in Siberia (Edgington et al, 1991;Fernex et al, 2001;Colman et al, 2003), with 2 mm/year being at the extreme. Thus, these are reasonable sedimentation rates, but they require more than 40 ka to build the ∼100 m sequence of sediments on Samosir.…”

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobasupporting

confidence: 70%

“…If the 74-33.7 ka rate was also 4.9 cm/year then the 500-400 m of uplift discussed above would have been achieved in ∼10-8 ka respectively, requiring sedimentation rates as high as 1-1.25 cm/year or 10-12.5 mm/year to produce the 100 m of sediment on Samosir before it emerged. Such rates are up to two orders of magnitude higher than sedimentation rates in the aforementioned lakes (Edgington et al, 1991;Fernex et al, 2001;Colman et al, 2003). We therefore consider uplift at the 33.7-22.5 ka rate of 4.9 cm/year untenable for the 74-33.7 ka period as it would require unrealistic sedimentation rates for Lake Toba.…”

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Resurgent Tobaâ€”field, chronologic, and model constraints on time scales and mechanisms of resurgence at large calderas

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highlights• New data reveal for the first time a history of the last ∼33.7 ky of uplift of Samosir.• Minimum uplift rates were high (4.9 cm/year) for the first 11.2 ky but diminished after that to <1 cm/year for the last 22.5 ky.• Numerical modeling suggests that rebound of remnant magma augmented by deep recharge appears to be the most likely driver for uplift.• Detumescence makes a negligible contribution to resurgent uplift.• The volume of the resurgent dome is isostatically compensated by magma • Average rates of uplift at Toba are much lower than currently restless calderas indicating a distinction between resurgence and "restlessness".New data reveal details of the post-caldera history at the Earth's youngest resurgent supervolcano, Toba caldera in Sumatra. Resurgence after the caldera-forming ∼74 ka Youngest Toba Tuff eruption uplifted the caldera floor as a resurgent dome, Samosir Island, capped with 100 m of lake sediments. 14 C age data from the uppermost datable sediments reveal that Samosir Island was submerged beneath lake level (∼900 m a.s.l) at 33 ka. Since then, Samosir experienced 700 m of uplift as a tilted block dipping to the west. 14 C ages and elevations of sediment along a transect of Samosir reveal that minimum uplift rates were ∼4.9 cm/year from ∼33.7 to 22.5 ka, but diminished to ∼0.7 cm/year after 22.5 ka. Thermo-mechanical models informed by these rates reveal that detumescence does not produce the uplift nor the uplift rates estimated for Samosir. However, models calculating the effect of volume change of the magma reservoir within a temperature-dependent viscoelastic host rock reveal that a single pulse of ∼475 km 3 of magma produces a better fit to the uplift data than a constant flux. The cause of resurgent uplift of the caldera floor is rebound of remnant magma as the system re-established magmastatic and isostatic equilibrium after the caldera collapse. Previous assertions that the caldera floor was apparently at 400 m a.s.l or lower requires that uplift must have initiated between sometime between 33.7 and 74 ka at a minimum average uplift rate of ∼1.1 cm/year. The change in uplift rate from pre-33.7 ka to immediately post-33.7 ka suggests a role for deep recharge augmenting rebound. Average minimum rates of de Silva et al.Resurgence at Toba caldera, Sumatra resurgent uplift at Toba are at least an order of magnitude slower than net rates of "restlessness" at currently active calderas. This connotes a distinction between resurgence and "restlessness" controlled by different processes, scales of process, and controlling variables.

show abstract

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobasupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobasupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Modeling Resurgence At Tobamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Resurgent Tobaâ€”field, chronologic, and model constraints on time scales and mechanisms of resurgence at large calderas

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Locally, the first cores for physically analyzing sediment samples were used to determine mineralogy of the fine sediments and the rate of sedimentation (Fernex et al, 2001). Through the soil samples from these cores it was observed that the main minerals of the clay portion are halloysite, hectorite and illite, and the sand grains are mainly composed of vitreous volcanic ash (pumice) (Fernex et al, 2001). …”

Section: Conditions Of Chapala Lake Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface deformation on the west portion of the Chapala lake basin: uncertainties and facts

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this study we investigate different aspects of land subsidence and ground failures occurring in the west portion of Chapala lake basin. Currently, surface discontinuities seem to be associated with subsiding bowls. In an effort to understand some of the conditioning factors to surface deformation, two sounding cores from the upper sequence (11 m depth) were extracted for analyzing physical and mechanical properties. The upper subsoil showed a predominant silty composition and several lenses of pumice pyroclastic sand. Despite the relative predominance of fine soil, the subsoil shows mechanical properties with low clay content, variable water content, low plasticity and variable compressibility index, amongst some others. Some of these properties seem to be influenced by the sandy pyroclastic lenses, therefore, a potential source of the ground failure could be heterogeneities in the upper soil.

show abstract

“…Common techniques used in sedimentation rate studies are using sediment coring and radionuclide isotope such as 137 Cs (Nishri and Koren 1994;Fernex et al 2001;Whitehead et al 1998;Tanaka et al 1994). Other technique is to measure sedimentation rate by means of sediment traps, which has become a common practice in limnological research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh Water Reservoir, Perlis, Malaysia

Rahaman¹,

Ismail²

2010

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial and temporal variations of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh Water Reservoir, Perlis, Malaysia. Human activities such as logging, land conservation, road construction and other disturbances in watersheds will increase erosion rate and thus the amount of sediment transported into the river that reaches lakes, reservoirs and sea. Accelerated sedimentation rate in the reservoir can signifi cantly reduce a reservoir's surface area, eliminating wetland area surrounding the reservoir and shallow the areas near the shore of the reservoir. A study of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh water reservoir was carried out from May 2001 to April 2002 by means of sediment traps. The aim of this study is to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of sedimentation rates in the reservoir. The sediment traps were installed at fi ve different locations in the reservoir and replaced every month. Gross sedimentation rates measured in the sediment traps vary from about an average of 1.4 kg/m 2 /month or 16.3 kg/m 2 /yr in the deepest part of the reservoir to about 79.2 kg/m 2 /yr (monthly average of 6.6 kg/m 2 /month) and 47.1 kg/m 2 /yr (monthly average of 3.9 kg/m 2 /month) near the inlet of the Pelarit River and the Tasoh River respectively. The sedimentation rate near the Pelarit River and the Tasoh River infl ow is correlated with the water and suspended sediment discharge in the river, owing to its proximity to the rivers and the fl ooding effect, mainly during the wet season. The sedimentation rate decreases southward along the reservoir, as a result of increasing distance from the river mouth. The total suspended sediment load of the Upper Pelarit River and the Jarum River fl owing into the reservoir is 11.4 × 10 3 ton/year and 5.41 × 10 3 ton/ /year respectively.

show abstract

Sedimentation rates in Lake Chapala (western Mexico): possible active tectonic control

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

Resurgent Tobaâ€”field, chronologic, and model constraints on time scales and mechanisms of resurgence at large calderas

Resurgent Tobaâ€”field, chronologic, and model constraints on time scales and mechanisms of resurgence at large calderas

Surface deformation on the west portion of the Chapala lake basin: uncertainties and facts

Spatial and temporal variations of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh Water Reservoir, Perlis, Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About