Sediment profile dating and reconstructing nuclear events from annually laminated lake sediments in northern Finland

Haltia, Eeva; Leppänen, Ari-Pekka; Kallio, Antti; Saarinen, Timo

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106611

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This delay can be attributed to atmosphere-ocean 14 C equilibration time (Waters et al, 2019). Also, post-depositional, vertical migration within sediments, sediment remobilization, as well as sediment inwash from the drainage basin are typical potential issues affecting radionuclide profiles (Davis et al, 1984;He et al, 1996;Owens and Walling, 1996;Mattila et al, 2006;Ilus et al, 2007;Hancock et al, 2014;Waters et al, 2019;Haltia et al, 2021;Schroeter et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The East Gotland Basin (Baltic Sea) as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

Kaiser

Abel

Arz

et al. 2022

The Anthropocene Review

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The short sediment core EMB201/7-4 retrieved from the East Gotland Basin, central Baltic Sea, is explored here as a candidate to host the stratigraphical basis for the Anthropocene series and its equivalent Anthropocene epoch, still to be formalized in the Geological Time Scale. The core has been accurately dated back to 1840 CE using a well-established event stratigraphy approach. A pronounced and significant change occurs at 26.5 cm (dated 1956 ± 4 CE) for a range of geochemical markers including 239+240Pu, 241Am, fly-ash particles, DDT (organochlorine insecticide), total organic carbon, and bulk organic carbon stable isotopes. This stratigraphic level, which corresponds to a change in both lithology and sediment colour related to early anthropogenic-triggered eutrophication of the central Baltic Sea, is proposed as a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The East Gotland Basin (Baltic Sea) as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

Kaiser

Abel

Arz

et al. 2022

The Anthropocene Review

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“…However, these techniques require specific circumstances, which will not be applicable to every core so cannot be used consistently. Haltia et al (2021) recently published the use of cores from Lake Kevojarvi with clearly defined layers (varves) attributed to annual snowmelt cycles (Haltia et al, 2021), with lighter layers denoting the sediment washed into the lake by the annual snowmelt and dark layers representing sediment formed, while the snow is frozen (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By relating these cycles to calendar dates, as illustrated in Fig. 1, and then comparing to the acquired Pb-210 and Cs-137 data presented in Haltia et al (2021), both the CRS and Plum methods of Pb-210 dating can be applied to provide an independent validation of the results produced by the two techniques. Haltia et al (2021) reported core data from the KEVO-1 freeze core for which nuclide activity and physical data are summarised (Haltia et al, 2021; Tables 1 and 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, and then comparing to the acquired Pb-210 and Cs-137 data presented in Haltia et al (2021), both the CRS and Plum methods of Pb-210 dating can be applied to provide an independent validation of the results produced by the two techniques. Haltia et al (2021) reported core data from the KEVO-1 freeze core for which nuclide activity and physical data are summarised (Haltia et al, 2021; Tables 1 and 2). For the purpose of this short communication, data published by Haltia et al (2021) have been reprocessed using four approaches: two making use of the CRS method and two making use of the Plum method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments in Pb-210 methodologies to provide chronologies for environmental change

Hunter

Gowing

Marriott

et al. 2022

Environ Geochem Health

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Chronologies generated from core profiles to apply dates to environmental changes commonly use the measurement of the activity of radionuclides deposited and stratified with physical environmental material. The most commonly reported nuclide to define chronologies covering the last 150 years is Pb-210, for which accepted data processing methodologies in the literature have focussed on the constant rate of supply (CRS) model and the more recently published Bayesian Plum model. This short communication describes a validation approach using defined sediment layers referred to as ‘varve’ counting, which provide known points of reference to account for uncertainty between generated dates from each model using published Pb-210 measurements. A significant improvement in the chronologies was observed when applying reference date corrections to the models. This was shown to be essential in providing confidence in reported datasets and accuracy of predicted chronologies, which will better inform the interpretation of environmental change, e.g. sedimentation rates, climate change, pollution pathways and land degradation. Generated chronologies from both the CRS and Plum methods showed good agreement with the established varve dates (typically < 4-year difference).

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Sensitivity of varve biogenic component to climate in eastern and central Finland

2023

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Biogenic varves as well as the biogenic component of clastic–biogenic varves have great potential as climate and environmental proxies but the response of biogenic lamina thickness to variations in growing-season climate is not well known. The connection of biogenic lamina thickness with growing-season or open-water season climate has been the focus of a limited number of studies. We examined biogenic laminae deposited during the past 100 years in five Finnish lakes representing different catchment types. We compared variations in biogenic lamina thicknesses with growing-season temperature records and open-water-season precipitation records. Statistical analyses for the whole study period reveal that the studied lakes generally respond positively to variations in growing-season temperature and open-water season precipitation. This suggests that warm summers intensify primary production while precipitation enhances transportation of allochthonous biogenic material and nutrients into the lake. Both mechanisms lead to enhanced biogenic lamina thickness. Two lakes reveal a more complex relationship to climate. Biogenic lamina thicknesses record a distinguishable climate signal despite human activities in the catchments, such as peatland drainage and forest cutting. We conclude that variations in biogenic lamina thickness of such boreal (clastic)–biogenic varves show potential for growing-season climate reconstructions. However, the response of each lake to climate parameters should be tested and understood separately.

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Sediment profile dating and reconstructing nuclear events from annually laminated lake sediments in northern Finland

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

The East Gotland Basin (Baltic Sea) as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

The East Gotland Basin (Baltic Sea) as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

Developments in Pb-210 methodologies to provide chronologies for environmental change

Sensitivity of varve biogenic component to climate in eastern and central Finland

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