Sediment Composition and Sedimentary Processes in the Arctic Ocean

Darby, Dennis A.; Naidu, A. S.; Mowatt, T.C.; Jones, Glenn

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0677-1_24

Cited by 66 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Based on studies of snow samples from the western central Arctic Ocean an eolian flux of 3.3-2 Ž 14.0 mgrcm and year was calculated Darby et al, . 1974Darby et al, . , 1989 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

1999

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In order to examine the variation in marine and terrigenous sources of the organic matter during the last 15,000 Cal. yr Ž BP, hydrogen index values, CrN ratios, and specific biomolecules short-and long-chain n-alkanes, short-chain fatty acids, . sterols, alkenones, and pigments were determined in three sediment cores from the Laptev Sea continental margin. The results show that the interpretation of the biomarker data is much more complicated and less definitive in comparison to similar data sets from low-latitude open-ocean environments. This is mainly caused by the complexity of the Arctic Ocean system, which is characterized by a high seasonality of sea-ice cover and primary productivity, sea-ice sediment transport Ž . and a high fluvial supply of freshwater aquatic organic matter. A combination of organic geochemical, organic petrographic and micropaleontological data may yield to a more precise identification of organic-carbon sources for these Ž . complex systems. On the Laptev Sea shelf cores KD9502-14 and PS2725-5 , terrigenous organic-carbon input controlled by river discharge seems to be predominant during the last about 10,000 Cal. yr BP. Maximum supply of terrigenous organic Ž . carbon was reached in the Early Holocene i.e., about 9000-10,000 Cal. yr BP . Further offshore at the upper continental Ž . slope core PS2458-4 , a major change in organic-composition occurred near 10,000 Cal. yr BP. During this period hydrogen indices as well as the amounts of short-chain n-alkanes, short-chain fatty acids, dinosterol and brassicasterol significantly increased, indicating increased relative proportions of marine organic matter preserved in the later time interval. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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“…Based on studies of snow samples from the western central Arctic Ocean an eolian flux of 3.3-2 Ž 14.0 mgrcm and year was calculated Darby et al, . 1974Darby et al, . , 1989 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

1999

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“…A comparison of the distribution of lithostrati graphic units (members and sub members) and clay mineral assemblages revealed that sub member 1a cor responds mainly to the kaolinite-smectite-chloriteillite assemblage, in which the proportions of the major groups of clay minerals are fairly similar to their average values in the modern sediments of the Yukon Delta and Arctic continental margin of Alaska (which are also related to Yukon sediment supply [17]) ( Table 4). The composition of clay minerals in the middle course of the Yukon River is different from that of the Yukon Delta in a sharp decrease in smectite and an increase in chlorite components [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core was subsampled for analysis at [15][16][17][18][19][20] In wet sieve analysis, the boundaries between gravel, sand, silt, and clay were placed at values of 2, 0.063, and 0.002 mm, respectively. The clay minerals were ana lyzed on a DRON 3M diffractometer with a copper anode, using the technique described by Biscaye [12].…”

Section: Factual Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late pleistocene sedimentation history of the Shirshov Ridge, Bering Sea

et al. 2013

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Abstract-The analysis of the lithology, grain size distribution, clay minerals, and geochemistry of Upper Pleistocene sediments from the submarine Shirshov Ridge (Bering Sea) showed that the main source area was the Yukon-Tanana terrane of Central Alaska. The sedimentary materials were transported by the Yukon River through Beringia up to the shelf break, where they were entrained by a strong northwestward flowing sea current. The lithological data revealed several pulses of ice rafted debris deposition, roughly synchronous with Heinrich events, and periods of weaker bottom current intensity. Based on the geochemical results, we distinguished intervals of an increase in paleoproductivity and extension of the oxygen minimum zone. The results suggest that there were three stages of deposition driven by glacioeustatic sea level fluctuations and glacial cycles in Alaska.

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“…Provenance studies based on clay and heavy mineral assemblages in sediment cores from the central Lomonosov Ridge and the Morris Jesup Rise point to the Kara, Laptev, and Barents Sea as the major source areas for terrigenous material during the last two glacial cycles . In sediment cores from the Amerasian Basin, IRD assemblages and individual Fe oxide mineral grains indicate that the main source of IRD is the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the Banks Island shelf (Darby, 1989(Darby, , 2003. Lower resolution studies also revealed that terrigenous sediment from both the Siberian and Canadian Arctic shelves coexist within the NeogeneeQuaternary section of the ACEX record (Darby, 2008;Krylov et al, 2008;).…”

Section: Sediment Transportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal Arctic Ocean depositional regimes: a key to the evolution of ice drift and current patterns

Sellén

O’Regan

Jakobsson

2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tSediment physical properties measured in cores from all the major ridges and plateaus in the central Arctic Ocean were studied in order to analyze the spatial and temporal consistency of sediment depositional regimes during the Quaternary. In total, six physiographically distinct areas are outlined. In five of these, cores can be correlated over large distances through characteristic patterns in sediment physical properties. These areas are (1) the southern Mendeleev Ridge, (2) the northern Mendeleev Ridge and Alpha Ridge, (3) the Lomonosov Ridge, (4) the Morris Jesup Rise and (5) the Yermak Plateau. Averaged downhole patterns in magnetic susceptibility, bulk density and lithostratigraphy were compiled to establish a composite stratigraphy for each area. In the sixth physiographic area, the Chukchi Borderland, repeated ice-grounding during recent glacial periods complicates the stratigraphy and prevents the compilation of a composite stratigraphy using the studied material. By utilizing published age models for the studied cores we are able to show that the northern Mendeleev Ridge and Alpha Ridge have the lowest average late Quaternary sedimentation rates, while intermediate sedimentation rates prevail on the southern Mendeleev Ridge and the Morris Jesup Rise. The second highest sedimentation rate is observed on the Lomonosov Ridge, whereas the average sedimentation rate on the Yermak Plateau is more than twice as high. The close correlation of physical properties within each area suggests uniform variations in sediment transport through time, at least throughout the later part of the Quaternary. The unique stratigraphic characteristics within each area is the product of similar past depositional regimes and are key for furthering our understanding of the evolution of ice drift and current patterns in the central Arctic Ocean.

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Sediment Composition and Sedimentary Processes in the Arctic Ocean

Cited by 66 publications

References 94 publications

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

Late pleistocene sedimentation history of the Shirshov Ridge, Bering Sea

Spatial and temporal Arctic Ocean depositional regimes: a key to the evolution of ice drift and current patterns

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