Sedentary time has a stronger impact on metabolic health than moderate to vigorous physical activity in adolescents with obesity: a cross‐sectional analysis of the Beta‐JUDO study

Julian, Valérie; Bergsten, Peter; Forslund, Anders; Åhlström, Håkan; Ciba, Iris; Dahlbom, Marie; Furthner, Dieter; Gomahr, Julian; Kullberg, Joel; Maruszczak, Katharina; Mörwald, Katharina; Olsson, Roger; Pixner, Thomas; Schneider, Anna-Maria; Pereira, Bruno; Torgerson, David; Weghuber, Daniel

doi:10.1111/ijpo.12897

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…A sedentary lifestyle is associated with low HDL-C for all ages and genders [ 36 , 37 ]. A meta-analysis with 19 randomized controlled trials showed that exercise could improve the cardiometabolic risk factors, lowering the TC, LDL-C, and TGs in obese adolescents with sedentary behavior [ 37 ].…”

Section: Change In Hdl-c Quantity During One’s Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Status of Research on High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL): A Paradigm Shift from HDL Quantity to HDL Quality and HDL Functionality

Cho

2022

IJMS

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The quantity of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is represented as the serum HDL-C concentration (mg/dL), while the HDL quality manifests as the diverse features of protein and lipid content, extent of oxidation, and extent of glycation. The HDL functionality represents several performance metrics of HDL, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol efflux activities. The quantity and quality of HDL can change during one’s lifetime, depending on infection, disease, and lifestyle, such as dietary habits, exercise, and smoking. The quantity of HDL can change according to age and gender, such as puberty, middle-aged symptoms, climacteric, and the menopause. HDL-C can decrease during disease states, such as acute infection, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune disease, while it can be increased by regular aerobic exercise and healthy food consumption. Generally, high HDL-C at the normal level is associated with good HDL quality and functionality. Nevertheless, high HDL quantity is not always accompanied by good HDL quality or functionality. The HDL quality concerns the morphology of the HDL, such as particle size, shape, and number. The HDL quality also depends on the composition of the HDL, such as apolipoproteins (apoA-I, apoA-II, apoC-III, serum amyloid A, and α-synuclein), cholesterol, and triglyceride. The HDL quality is also associated with the extent of HDL modification, such as glycation and oxidation, resulting in the multimerization of apoA-I, and the aggregation leads to amyloidogenesis. The HDL quality frequently determines the HDL functionality, which depends on the attached antioxidant enzyme activity, such as the paraoxonase and cholesterol efflux activity. Conventional HDL functionality is regression, the removal of cholesterol from atherosclerotic lesions, and the removal of oxidized species in low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Recently, HDL functionality was reported to expand the removal of β-amyloid plaque and inhibit α-synuclein aggregation in the brain to attenuate Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, respectively. More recently, HDL functionality has been associated with the susceptibility and recovery ability of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by inhibiting the activity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The appearance of dysfunctional HDL is frequently associated with many acute infectious diseases and chronic aging-related diseases. An HDL can be a suitable biomarker to diagnose many diseases and their progression by monitoring the changes in its quantity and quality in terms of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. An HDL can be a protein drug used for the removal of plaque and as a delivery vehicle for non-soluble drugs and genes. A dysfunctional HDL has poor HDL quality, such as a lower apoA-I content, lower antioxidant ability, smaller size, and ambiguous shape. The current review analyzes the recent advances in HDL quantity, quality, and functionality, depending on the health and disease state during one’s lifetime.

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Section: Change In Hdl-c Quantity During One’s Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Status of Research on High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL): A Paradigm Shift from HDL Quantity to HDL Quality and HDL Functionality

Cho

2022

IJMS

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“…In children and adolescents with obesity, high screen time has been positively associated with body mass index, high blood pressure, IR, triglyceride, and low HDL-C, independently of PA duration and intensity [25-27]. SED time has been positively associated not only with fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, IR, low HDL-C, and a high cumulative cardiometabolic risk score, but also with liver fat content and surrogate markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, independently of MVPA time [4, 27-29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current evidence supports a stepwise approach that might start with targeting SED behaviors (step 1, i.e., supporting a shift from long periods of SED time to daily routines incorporating bouts of PA, even low-intensity PA) prior to increasing MVPA (step 2), when increasing MVPA is not possible in youths with obesity. IR, low HDL-C, and a high cumulative cardiometabolic risk score, but also with liver fat content and surrogate markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, independently of MVPA time [4,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Is a Clinical Need to Consider the Physical Activity: Sedentary Pattern in Children with Obesity – Position Paper of the European Childhood Obesity Group

Julian¹,

Ring-Dimitriou²,

Wyszyńska³

et al. 2022

Ann Nutr Metab

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Introduction: While international prevention guidelines recently advocated, in addition to moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines, for a minimization of sedentary time (SED), recommendations remain to be developed for youths with obesity. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library plus the reference lists of selected articles for relevant publications in English, including original papers, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, with search terms “sedentary behaviors” or “sedentary time” or “screen time” AND “children” or “adolescents” AND “obesity” or “adiposity” or “cardiometabolic risk” or “cardiometabolic disease”. The results were summarized as a narrative review and presented to the scientific board of the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) who then discussed their implication in clinical practice and proposed the position outlined in this paper. Results: SED and screen times are associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risks independently of youths’ physical activity level. Besides considering MVPA and SED times as separate variables, comprehensive studies have questioned the impact of different patterns of MVPA and SED levels. Although lower body adiposity and better cardiometabolic health are achieved among those with desirable movement behaviors patterns (i.e., more MVPA/less SED or active/not sedentary), youths with intermediate patterns (i.e., high MVPA/high SED and low MVPA/low SED, or active /sedentary and inactive/not sedentary) have been found to be associated with intermediate risks. Conclusion: There is a need to decrease SED behaviors irrespective of MVPA and to consider PA-SED patterns in youths with obesity. The European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) encourages anti-obesity strategies targeting both physical activity (PA) and SED behaviors to support the shift from long periods of SED time, especially screen time, to daily routines incorporating bouts of PA. Stepwise or sequential approaches to movement behavior counseling might start with targeting SED at first to decrease cardiometabolic risks when implementing MVPA is not yet possible.

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“…However, one can be very active while also engaging in high amounts of daily sedentary behaviors (SB) (i.e., any waking behavior in a sitting, reclining, or lying posture) [ 6 ]. While strong evidence in adults showed that PA attenuated without eliminating the cardiometabolic risk associated with high SB [ 7 ], pediatric studies of the last decade demonstrated that decreasing SB improved both physical and psychosocial health in youth [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Increasing PA and reducing SB would have independent and synergic effects on major health outcomes [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While strong evidence in adults showed that PA attenuated without eliminating the cardiometabolic risk associated with high SB [ 7 ], pediatric studies of the last decade demonstrated that decreasing SB improved both physical and psychosocial health in youth [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Increasing PA and reducing SB would have independent and synergic effects on major health outcomes [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) per day while minimizing SB, in particular screen time, to be less than 2 h per day for children and adolescents [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Children and Adolescents Physical Activity and Sedentary Questionnaire (CAPAS-Q): Psychometric Validity and Clinical Interpretation

Fillon

Pereira²,

Vanhelst

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Pediatricians’ clinical practice and health interventions in youths require instruments with adequate psychometric properties to assess physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), and their subdomains. Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the Children and Adolescents Physical Activity and Sedentary-Questionnaire (CAPAS-Q) in healthy French children and adolescents. Methods: The CAPAS-Q has been developed through a rigorous collective procedure and consists of a 31 items self-administered questionnaire evaluating children’s 7-day PA and SB dimensions and subdomains. Participants (n = 103, aged 8–18 years old) completed the questionnaire twice (7 days apart) and wore an ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer for 7 days. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were assessed. Results: Cronbach alpha for PA and SB dimensions were 0.71 and 0.68, respectively. Reproducibility was found moderate to good, with Lin’s coefficients of 0.69 and 0.68 for PA and SB dimensions, respectively. Reproducibility was higher for adolescents compared to children. PA dimension was positively correlated with moderate PA, vigorous PA, moderate to vigorous PA, and total PA times and negatively correlated with SB time (p < 0.05). SB dimension and screen time were positively correlated with SB time and negatively correlated with LPA, MPA, MVPA, and total PA times (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation coefficients were fair to moderate, ranging between 0.23–0.45. Conclusion: The CAPAS-Q proposes a reliable and valid evaluation of French children and adolescents’ PA and SB, providing clinicians with potential intervention levels to improve youth movement behaviors.

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Sedentary time has a stronger impact on metabolic health than moderate to vigorous physical activity in adolescents with obesity: a cross‐sectional analysis of the Beta‐JUDO study

Cited by 18 publications

References 84 publications

The Current Status of Research on High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL): A Paradigm Shift from HDL Quantity to HDL Quality and HDL Functionality

The Current Status of Research on High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL): A Paradigm Shift from HDL Quantity to HDL Quality and HDL Functionality

There Is a Clinical Need to Consider the Physical Activity: Sedentary Pattern in Children with Obesity – Position Paper of the European Childhood Obesity Group

Development of the Children and Adolescents Physical Activity and Sedentary Questionnaire (CAPAS-Q): Psychometric Validity and Clinical Interpretation

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