Sedentary Behavior and Alcohol Consumption Increase Breast Cancer Risk Regardless of Menopausal Status: A Case-Control Study

Godinho-Mota, Jordana Carolina Marques; Vaz-Gonçalves, Larissa; Mota, João Felipe; Soares, Leonardo Ribeiro; Schincaglia, Raquel Machado; Martins, Karine Anusca; Freitas‐Junior, Ruffo

doi:10.3390/nu11081871

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Since then, many studies have investigated the effect of alcohol consumption on BC and most have found that alcohol increases risk of BC in young or premenopausal women. 55–57 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer

Daly¹,

Rolph²,

Cutress³

et al. 2021

BCTT

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in women aged less than 40 years and the second most common cause of cancer death in this age group. Global rates of young onset breast cancer have risen steadily over the last twenty years. Although young women with breast cancer have a higher frequency of underlying pathogenic mutations in high penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes (CSG) than older women, the vast majority of young breast cancer patients are not found to have a germline CSG mutation. There is therefore a need to inform young women regarding non-genetic breast cancer risk factors which have the potential to be influenced by changes in individual behaviour. A Pubmed search was performed using the search terms “young” or “early onset”, and “breast cancer” and “modifiable risk”. Titles and abstracts from peer-reviewed publications were screened for relevance. This review presents evidence for potentially modifiable risk factors of breast cancer risk in young women, including lifestyle factors (physical activity, body habitus, alcohol use, smoking, shift work and socioeconomic factors), reproductive and hormonal factors and iatrogenic risks. The extent to which these factors are truly modifiable is discussed and interactions between genetic and non-genetic risk factors are also addressed. Health care professionals have an opportunity to inform young women about breast health and risk when presenting at a “teachable moment”, including the benefits of physical activity and alcohol habits as risk factor. More focussed discussions regarding individual personal risk and benefit should accompany conversations regarding reproductive health and take into consideration both non-modifiable and iatrogenic BC risk factors.

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“…Since then, many studies have investigated the effect of alcohol consumption on BC and most have found that alcohol increases risk of BC in young or premenopausal women. 55–57 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer

Daly¹,

Rolph²,

Cutress³

et al. 2021

BCTT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several modifiable risk factors including overweight or obesity [4], alcohol use [5], physical inactivity [6] and prolonged steroid hormones exposure [7] have been linked to BC. Non-modifiable risk factors include increasing age [8], positive family history of BC [9] and reproductive factors [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between healthy lifestyle score and breast cancer

Ghosn

Benisi-Kohansal

Ebrahimpour-Koujan

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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Background: Majority of earlier studies have assessed the association between individual lifestyle factors and the risk of breast cancer (BC); however, limited information is available linking the whole lifestyle factors to BC. We aimed to examine the association between combined lifestyle score (diet, physical activity (PA) and smoking) and risk of BC in Iranian population. Methods: This population-based case-control study included 350 newly diagnosed cases of BC and 700 healthy controls randomly selected from adult women. Dietary intakes, PA and smoking status of study participants were examined using validated questionnaires. The lifestyle risk factors examined in this study included cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010). The lifestyle score ranged from zero (nonhealthy) to 3 (most healthy) points. Logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the association between combined lifestyle scores and odds of BC. Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of study participants were 62.4 years and 24.3 kg/m 2 , respectively. In the whole study population, individuals with the highest healthy lifestyle score (HLS) were 0.38 times less likely to have BC than those with the lowest score (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.93, P trend = 0.01). The analysis by menopausal status showed that postmenopausal women with the highest HLS had 44% lower odds of BC compared with those with the lowest score (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.88, P trend = 0.004). Such association was not seen in premenopausal women. After analyzing each component of HLS, we found that individuals with the highest HEI score were 46% less likely to have BC than those with the lowest score (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.82, P trend < 0.001). No other significant associations were found between PA and smoking and risk of BC. Conclusions: Significant inverse associations were found between HLS and HEI with BC especially among postmenopausal women. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

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“…10 Environmental risk factors, such as active smoking, alcohol consumption, and sedentary lifestyles, which are known risk factors for many cancers, have also been reported to be associated with breast cancer risk. [11][12][13] Breast cancer screening enables early detection of breast cancer when more treatment options are viable and more likely to be successful. Participation in mammography screening programs has been associated with more than a 40% reduction in mortality from breast cancer in women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a cross‐cancer genome‐wide association study identified pleiotropic loci at 1q22 for breast and lung cancer and CASP8 / ALS2CR12 for breast and prostate cancer 10 . Environmental risk factors, such as active smoking, alcohol consumption, and sedentary lifestyles, which are known risk factors for many cancers, have also been reported to be associated with breast cancer risk 11‐13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk‐adapted starting age of breast cancer screening in women with a family history of ovarian or other cancers: A nationwide cohort study

Mukama

Kharazmi

Sundquist

et al. 2021

Cancer

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BACKGROUND:There is a lack of evidence-based recommendations for the age at which women with a family history of cancers other than breast cancer should start breast cancer screening. METHODS: Using Swedish family cancer data sets, the authors conducted a nationwide cohort study including 5,099,172 Swedish women born after 1931 (follow-up, 1958-2015). Accounting for calendar time, they calculated the relative risk of breast cancer for women with a family history of a discordant cancer in 1 first-degree relative. Furthermore, the authors used 10-year cumulative risk to determine the ages at which women with a family history of discordant cancer reached risk thresholds at which women in the general population were recommended to start breast cancer screening. RESULTS: A family history of cancer at 15 sites was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Among women younger than 50 years, the highest risk of breast cancer was observed for those with a family history of ovarian cancer (standardized incidence ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-1.64). In these women, the risk of breast cancer associated with a family history at other cancer sites ranged from 1.08-fold for prostate cancer to 1.18-fold for liver cancer. When breast cancer screening was recommended to be started at the age of 50 years for the general population, women with 1 first-degree relative with ovarian cancer attained the threshold risk for screening at the age of 46 years. Women with a family history of other discordant cancers did not reach the risk thresholds for screening at younger ages. CONCLUSIONS: Many cancers showed familial associations with breast cancer, but women with a family history of these cancers (except for ovarian cancer) did not reach risk thresholds for screening at younger ages.

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Sedentary Behavior and Alcohol Consumption Increase Breast Cancer Risk Regardless of Menopausal Status: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 35 publications

References 45 publications

A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer

A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer

Association between healthy lifestyle score and breast cancer

Risk‐adapted starting age of breast cancer screening in women with a family history of ovarian or other cancers: A nationwide cohort study

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