Security of attachment between preschoolers and their mothers: Relations among social interaction, parenting stress, and mother's sorts of the Attachment Q-Set.

Teti, Douglas M.; Nakagawa, Miyuki; Das, Rina; Wirth, Oliver

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.27.3.440

Cited by 115 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast, Sroufe (1985) has argued that while temperament must be considered an important contributor to the mother-infant relationship, temperament per se is unimportant in explaining the construct of attachment itself. Others hold a more moderate position (e.g., Belsky & Rovine, 1987;Seifer, Schiller, Sameroff, Resnick, & Riordan, 1996;Stams, Juffer, & van IJzendoorn, 2002;Teti, Nakagawa, Das, & Wirth, 1991;Vaughn et al, 1992), and in a meta-analysis it was concluded that infant temperament variables are associated with attachment status to a similar degree as is maternal sensitivity (Goldsmith & Alansky, 1987). Together, these contentions suggest that temperament may be a confound in studies exploring relations between attachment status and variables of interest.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The ERA has been used in several studies examining the mother-child relationship (e.g., Burns, Chethik, Burns, & Clark, 1997;Harel & Scher, 2003;Hess, Teti, & Hussey-Gardner, 2004;Teti, et al, 1991). Clark devised the instrument to assess behavioral and affective characteristics of mothers and children in a variety of interaction settings including free-play.…”

Section: Mother-infant Interaction At 9 Monthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal sensory sensitivity, mother–infant 9-month interaction, infant attachment status: Predictors of mother–toddler interaction at 24 months

Donovan¹,

Leavitt²,

Taylor³

et al. 2007

Infant Behavior and Development

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At 24-months of age, toddlers (N = 62) and their mothers were observed in a free-play session to determine the contribution of (a) maternal sensory sensitivity to positive and negative infant facial expressions as measured in a signal detection task at 6 months (b) maternal behavior and affect, infant behavior and affect, and dyadic interaction at 9 months, and (c) infant attachment status at 12 months in predicting maternal, toddler, and dyadic measures at 24 months. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that over and above early maternal behavior, which was predictive of later maternal behavior at 24 months, sensory sensitivity to the positive infant expression at 6 months predicted maternal behavior at 24 months and sensory sensitivity to both the positive and negative expression was associated with later maternal affect. Infant attachment status emerged as the variable which predicted toddler behavior and dyadic interaction at 24 months. Keywordssignal detection methodology; maternal sensory sensitivity; mother-infant interaction; infant attachment status; infant facial expressions The current study examined mother-toddler interaction patterns during play at 24 months by tracing their development longitudinally with respect to the potential influence of early maternal sensory sensitivity to infants' affective signaling at 6 months, maternal behavior and affect, infant behavior and affect, and dyadic interaction at 9 months, and infant attachment status at 12 months. Interaction between mothers and their infants provides opportunities for infants' socio-emotional learning and reflects the quality of dyadic interaction. Developing synchrony between a mother and her infant affords the infant reciprocal exchanges that facilitate social, emotional, and cognitive growth for the child (see Harrist & Waugh, 2002, for review). Early social play is frequently mentioned as an important relational context offering affective exchanges in the form of face-to-face play and attachment behaviors (Stern, 1995), exchanges which are thought to impact the child's development of self and others (Harel, Oppenheim, Tirosh, & Gini, 1999). Aspects of these earlier social play interactions change as the infant becomes more mobile to include exploration of the environment and manipulation of objects, with exploration of toys in the company of the mother being an important setting Corresponding author: Wilberta Donovan, Ph.D., Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave. Madison, WI 53705; Lewis Leavitt, Nicole Taylor, and Jennifer Broder are also at the Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin -Madison Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered...

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confidence: 90%

Section: Mother-infant Interaction At 9 Monthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal sensory sensitivity, mother–infant 9-month interaction, infant attachment status: Predictors of mother–toddler interaction at 24 months

Donovan¹,

Leavitt²,

Taylor³

et al. 2007

Infant Behavior and Development

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“…Environmental stress such as loss of employment and economic instability have been linked with adverse mental and physical outcomes for adults (Bolger, DeLongis, Kessler, & Schilling, 1989;DeLongis, Folkman, & Lazarus, 1988). Other research has shown that general family and parenting stress are related to maternal depression (Murray, FioriCowley, & Hooper, 1996), the quality of maternal care (Belsky, 1984), and attachment security among normal one-year-olds (Jarvis & Creasey, 1991;Teti, Nakagawa, Das, & Wirth, 1991). Murray (1992) found that postnatal maternal depression significantly increased the odds of insecure attachment in 18-month-olds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Stress, maternal depression, and negative mother–infant interactions in relation to infant attachment

Coyl

Roggman

Newland

2002

Infant Mental Health Journal

201

142

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This research examined factors contributing to infant attachment security such as stressful events, maternal depression, negative parent-infant interactions, and spanking. The sample included 169 mostly European American mothers and infants who were qualified applicants to Early Head Start. Interview and self-report measures of contextual stress, mothers' depressive symptoms, mother-infant negative interactions, and discipline strategies were administered by trained researchers when infants were 14 months old. In addition, mothers' completed the Attachment Q-set (AQS, version 3.0, Waters, 1987). Infant security was lower when maternal depression was higher, when mothers were more dissatisfied in their interactions with infants, and when these infants were spanked more frequently. A path model was constructed to examine the direct and indirect paths from predictor variables to infant attachment security. Maternal depression, negative interactions, and spanking directly affected infant attachment security. Economic stress and relationship stress directly affected maternal depression and frequency of spanking, thereby indirectly influencing infant attachment security. These findings suggest that understanding the influences on infant attachment security is essential for effective early prevention and intervention that promote optimal development. RESUMEN: Este estudio examina los factores que contribuyen a la seguridad en la afectividad infantil, tales como eventos que puedan causar estrés, la depresión maternal, las negativas interacciones entre la madre y el infante, y el pegarle al niño. El grupo muestra estuvo compuesto de 169 madres en su mayoría de origen étnico europeo-americano e infantes que eran solicitantes aptos para el programa de "Early Head Start." Cuando los infantes tenían 14 meses, los entrenados investigadores llevaron a cabo entrevistas y medidas de autoreporte acerca del estrés contextual, los síntomas de depresión de las madres, las interacciones negativas entre la madre y el infante, así como las estrategias para disciplinar al infante. Adicionalmente, las madres completaron la prueba de Afectividad Q-set (Attachment Q-set, versión 3.0, Waters, 1987). La seguridad que sentía el infante fue de niveles más bajos cuando la depresión materna era más alta. Cuando las madres estaban menos satisfechas en las interacciones con sus infantes, y cuando a los infantes se les pegaba más frecuentemente. Se construyó un modelo a seguir para examinar las directas e indirectas vías que van desde las variables de predicción hasta la seguridad del infante en la afectividad. La depresión maternal, las interacciones negativas y el pegarle al niño directamente influyeron la seguridad que sentía el infante en la unión afectiva. El estrés económico y el estrés causado por las relaciones afectivas afectaron directamente la depresión maternal, y la frecuencia con que se le pegaba al niño, influyendo, por lo tanto, indirectamente la seguridad percibida por el niño en la unión afectiva. Estos resultados sugie...

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“…For example, family demographic characteristics such as low SES (LyonsRuth et al, 1993) and high levels of parenting stress (Teti, Nakagawa, Das, & Wirth, 1991) have been consistently associated with children's insecure attachment patterns. Whether such variables were associated with the quality of orphanage children's attachment patterns was examined.…”

Section: Child and Family Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three Year Follow‐up of Attachment and Indiscriminate Friendliness in Children Adopted from Romanian Orphanages

Chisholm¹

1998

Child Development

454

428

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Attachment and indiscriminately friendly behavior were assessed in children who had spent at least 8 months in a Romanian orphanage (RO) and two comparison groups of children: a Canadian-born, nonadopted, never institutionalized comparison group (CB) and an early adopted comparison group adopted from Romania before the age of 4 months (EA). Attachment was assessed using 2 measures: an attachment security questionnaire based on parent report, and a Separation Reunion procedure that was coded using the Preschool Assessment of Attachment. Indiscriminately friendly behavior was examined using parents' responses to 5 questions about their children's behavior with new adults. Although RO children did not score differently from either CB or EA children on the attachment security measure based on parent report, they did display significantly more insecure attachment patterns than did children in the other 2 groups. In addition, RO children displayed significantly more indiscriminately friendly behavior than both CB and EA children, who did not differ in terms of indiscriminate friendliness. RO children's insecure attachment patterns were not associated with any aspect of their institutional environment, but were related to particular child and family characteristics. Specifically, insecure RO children had more behavior problems, scored lower on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, and had parents who reported significantly more parenting stress than RO children classified as secure.

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Security of attachment between preschoolers and their mothers: Relations among social interaction, parenting stress, and mother's sorts of the Attachment Q-Set.

Cited by 115 publications

References 29 publications

Maternal sensory sensitivity, mother–infant 9-month interaction, infant attachment status: Predictors of mother–toddler interaction at 24 months

Maternal sensory sensitivity, mother–infant 9-month interaction, infant attachment status: Predictors of mother–toddler interaction at 24 months

Stress, maternal depression, and negative mother–infant interactions in relation to infant attachment

A Three Year Follow‐up of Attachment and Indiscriminate Friendliness in Children Adopted from Romanian Orphanages

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