Secular trends of population attributable risk of overweight and obesity for hypertension among Chinese adults from 1991 to 2011

Abstract

We determined if the increasing trend in hypertension can be partly attributed to increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity in China over the past two decades. Data were collected from 1991 to 2011 and the population attributable risk (PAR), which is used to estimate the intervention effect on hypertension if overweight/obese, were eliminated. Linear regression was used to evaluate the secular trends. The age-standardized prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by 26.32% with an overall slope of 1.27% (95% CI: 1.12–1.43%) per year. Hypertension also increased by 12.37% with an overall slope of 0.65% (95% CI: 0.51–0.79%) per year. The adjusted ORs of overweight/obesity for hypertension across the survey years remained unchanged; however, the trend in PAR increased steadily from 27.1 to 44.6% with an overall slope of 0.81% (95% CI: 0.34–1.28%) per year (P = 0.006). There was no significant gender difference in the slopes of increasing PAR, as measured by regression coefficients (β = 0.95% vs. β = 0.63% per year, P = 0.36). Over the past two decades, the increase in the prevalence of hypertension in China was partly attributed to the overweight/obesity epidemic, which highlights the importance of controlling weight and further reducing the burden of hypertension.

Secular trends of population-attributable fractions of obesity for hypertension among US population by sex and race/ethnicity: Analysis from NHANES 1999–2018

“…By quantifying the substantial and rising absolute burden of obesity on hypertension among distinct sex-race/ethnicity subgroups using the PAF, it might also be useful concerning other countries with similar rising obesity burdens. Similarly, another study also found that the PAF of hypertension due to overweight or obesity increased from 27.1 % in 1991 to 44.6 % in 2011 in China ( Gou and Wu, 2021 ). Given the morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension ( Aune et al, 2021 ), it is important to control obesity to reduce the prevalence of hypertension, thereby reducing the burden of hypertension-induced CVD.…”

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“…24 In addition, the lifestyle modifiable risk factors have been proved to contribute substantially to chronic disease. [25][26][27] Paired with the high prevalence of common chronic diseases, the need for health promotion and intervention among PHPs is imperative.…”

Identification of Key Genes from the Visceral Adipose Tissues of Overweight/Obese Adults with Hypertension through Transcriptome Sequencing

“…In recent years, the incidence of hypertension has increased in China, partially due to an increase in the prevalence of overweight/obese (OW/OB) individuals [ Gou and Wu, 2021 ]. Although not all obese patients will eventually develop hypertension [ Natsis et al, 2020 ], it is relatively difficult to treat obese patients with hypertension due to drug resistance [ Rosolová, 2020 ].…”