Secretion of Carbonate of Lime by Animals. Part II

Irvine, Robert; Woodhead, G. Sims

doi:10.1017/s0370164600006428

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The problem of the gastroliths has recently been attacked by Irvine and Woodhead (105) in one of their valuable communications on the secretion of carbonate of lime in animals. They conclude that, if the gastroliths play any part at all, they must be converted into phosphates and thus carried in the lymph.…”

Section: History Of the Gastroliths-their Probable Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…169 represents one of a series of sections cut in a longitudinal plane through the first three joints of the right large cheliped of the lobster (sixth stage, length 18 mm. ), the history of which has been already given (p. 105). The appendage of this larva had been cut off July 28, and had grown to nearly its full size by August 17, when the animal was preserved.…”

Section: Internal Changes In Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The American lobster; a study of its habits and development

Herrick¹

1895

136

129

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Although the lobster has a place in the literature of the Old World, it is seldom mentioned by American writers. Eathbun, who was the first to give a history of the American lobster fisheries, says that the great abundance and rare flavor of the lobster "are not infrequently mentioned in the early annals of New England, and it probably formed an important element in the food-supply of the seacoast inhabitants of colonial times. As a separate industry, however, the lobster fishery does not date back much, if any, beyond the beginning of the present century, and it appears to have been first developed on the Massachusetts coast, in the region of Cape Cod and Boston, although some fishing was done as early as 1810 among the Elizabeth Islands and on the coast of Connecticut. Strangely enough this industry was not extended to the coast of Maine, where it subsequently attained its greatest proportions, until about 1840." (156.

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Section: History Of the Gastroliths-their Probable Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Internal Changes In Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The American lobster; a study of its habits and development

Herrick¹

1895

136

129

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“…While the description of the presence of gastroliths before molt and their gradual disappearance following molt has been given by a number of authors (Reaumur, 1712;Chantran, 1874aChantran, , 1874bBraun, 1875;Huxley, 1879;Herrick, 1895 ;Irvine and Woodhead, 1889;Husson, 1952;and others), only certain aspects of the histology of the gastrolith discs have been described by Braun (1875) for the European crayfish, Astacus fluviatilis, and by Herrick (1895) for the American lobster, Homarus americanns. The histological changes have neither been described with reference to stages of the molting cycle nor to the synthesis of the non-calcified skeletal components of the gastrolith discs, and only with brief reference to the synthesis and calcification of the gastrolith itself.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Deposition of Skeletal Structures in the Crustacea. I. The Histology of the Gastrolith Skeletal Tissue Complex and the Gastrolith in the Crayfish, Orconectes (Cambarus) Virilis Hagen—decapoda

Travis

1960

The Biological Bulletin

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“…Krogh (1939) has remarked that the crayfish (Potamobius astacus) does not take up Ca++; it appears very probable, from the present work, that he was dealing only with hard-cuticled animals not preparing to molt. The work of Irvine and Woodhead (1889) indicates that the shore-crab (presumably Carcinus maenas) requires CaCI~ in sea water to harden its cuticle. Robertson (1937) has shown, by macro-analysis of samples of the natural sea water at intervals of about 7 days, that the soft-cuticled postmolt C. maenas absorbs notable quantities of Ca ++ from the sea water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Uptake of Inorganic Electrolytes by the Crayfish

Maluf

1940

Journal of General Physiology

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1. Reasons are given for believing that the uptake of Na+, Cl-, and NaCl by the crayfish occurs through the gills. 2. A crayfish in fresh water, with a Cl concentration of about 0.2 mEq./l., can) by active Cl absorption, compensate entirely for Cl lost in the urine. 3. The carbonic anhydrase activity of the gills is markedly higher than that of other tissues of the crayfish, but the equivalent CO2 output of the crayfish is far in excess of the equivalent Cl absorption per unit time and weight and thus fails to warrant the supposition that Cl absorption is of respiratory importance. 4. The carbonic anhydrase activity of the soft integument of the lobster, before and after molting, and of the hypodermis of the hard-cuticled animal is almost identical and of the same order as that of other tissues of the lobster. 5. The concentration of the electrolytes was about 7.5 mEq./l.; i.e., considerably lower than in the blood of the crayfish. Cl- can be taken up independently of the complementary cation. Na+ can be taken up independently of the complementary anion. K+ and SO4= are not taken up at all. In pure NaCl, the Na+ and Cl- are absorbed evidently largely together. Ca++ is absorbed only in newly molted animals and in animals preparing to molt but is not absorbed by hard-cuticled animals not preparing to molt. Ca++ is taken up independently of Cl- in pure CaCl2. 6. Newly molted animals absorb Ca++ at a rate exceeding that of the absorption of other absorbable ions (Na+ and Cl-) in the same equivalent concentration. 7. A crayfish utilizes the Ca++ in fresh water in the calcification of its cuticle. Since the animal does not swallow water, the Ca++ must enter through the exterior. Reasons are given for believing that, unlike Na+ and Cl-, Ca++ is absorbed directly from the exterior by the integument and does not enter the body through the gills. 8. During molting, only about 4 per cent of the raw ash and 2.3 per cent of the organic material of the old cuticle is resorbed.

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Secretion of Carbonate of Lime by Animals. Part II

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The American lobster; a study of its habits and development

The American lobster; a study of its habits and development

The Deposition of Skeletal Structures in the Crustacea. I. The Histology of the Gastrolith Skeletal Tissue Complex and the Gastrolith in the Crayfish, Orconectes (Cambarus) Virilis Hagen—decapoda

The Uptake of Inorganic Electrolytes by the Crayfish

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