Secretion of acid proteinases by different species of the genus Candida

Rüchel, R.; Uhlemann, Kathrin; Böning, Birgitt

doi:10.1016/s0174-3031(83)80013-4

Cited by 62 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In relation to C. tropicalis , although the majority of the isolates did not show proteolytic activity by semi‐quantitative method, it was verified that this species is capable of producing proteases in vitro in solid medium containing BSA as the only source of nitrogen. Reports found in the literature suggest that the production of proteases in this species is lower than that observed for C. albicans 13,36–38 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Virulence attributes and genetic variability of oral Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis isolates

Costa

Ferreira

Lavrador

et al. 2011

Mycoses

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The wide spectrum of candidiasis and its clinical importance encourage the research with the purpose of clarifying the mechanisms of pathogenicity and identification of virulence factors of Candida sp. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the adhesion capacity, protease activity and genotypic diversity of oral C. albicans and C. tropicalis isolates. The adhesion ability to the extracellular matrix glycoproteins laminin and fibronectin was evaluated using the ELISA technique. The research of proteases was carried out in agar plate containing bovine albumin and through a quantitative method in buffer solution containing haemoglobin. Intra and interspecies polymorphisms was verified through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. All C. albicans and C. tropicalis isolates binded to immobilised laminin and fibronectin. Ca33 and Ct13 isolates had relative adhesion index significantly higher than the other isolates for both glycoproteins (P < 0.001). Protease activity was observed in all isolates of C. albicans using either the semi-quantitative or quantitative assay. The protease activity of C. tropicalis was better detected through the quantitative assay. The genotypic diversity by RAPD revealed a heterogeneous population in both species. Nevertheless, C. tropicalis presented higher genetic variability than C. albicans strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Virulence attributes and genetic variability of oral Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis isolates

Costa

Ferreira

Lavrador

et al. 2011

Mycoses

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“…albicans strains with higher proteolytic activity were shown to be more virulent [125][126][127][128][129] and protease-deficient mutants of C. albicans were less pathogenic [130,131]. Interestingly, C. albicans isolates from HIV-positive individuals presented higher aspartic protease activity and were more adherent than the isolates from HIV-negative individuals [105,128,129,132].…”

Section: Saps: Virulence Attributes With Multiple Biological Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspartic Protease Inhibitors as Potential Anti-Candida albicans Drugs: Impacts on Fungal Biology, Virulence and Pathogenesis

Braga-Silva

Santos

2011

CMC

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Mycoses are still one of the most problematic illnesses worldwide, especially affecting immunocompromised individuals. The development of novel antifungal drugs is becoming more demanding every day, since existing drugs either have too many side effects or they tend to lose effectiveness due to the resistant fungal strains. In this scenario, Candida albicans is still the main fungal pathogen isolated in hospitals. Pathogenicity results essentially from modifications of the host defense mechanisms that secondarily initiate transformations in the fungal behavior. The pathogenesis of C. albicans is multifactorial and different virulence attributes are important during the various stages of infection. Some virulence factors, like the secreted aspartic proteases (Saps), play a role in several infection stages and the inhibition of one of the many stages may contribute to the containment of the pathogen and thus should help in the treatment of disease. Therefore, Saps are potential targets for the development of novel anti-C. albicans drugs. Herein, we review the beneficial properties of pepstatin A and aspartic-type protease inhibitors used in the anti-human immunodeficiency virus chemotherapy on C. albicans, with particular emphasis in the effects on Sap activity, proliferation, morphogenesis (yeasts into mycelia transformation), ultrastructural architecture, adhesion to mammalian cells and abiotic materials, modulation of unrelated virulence factors (e.g., surface glycoconjugates, lipases and sterol), experimental candidiasis infection as well as synergistic properties when conjugated with classical antifungals. Collectively, these positive findings have stimulated the search for novel natural and/or synthetic pharmacological compounds with anti-aspartic protease properties against the human opportunistic fungus C. albicans.

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“…Extracellular proteinase activity has been demonstrated, by auxanographic methods, for most isolates of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis while various isolates of C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. pseudotropicalis and C. krusei were negative [43]. A secretory acid proteinase antigen and specific antibodies has been demonstrated in patients infected with C. albicans [44,45].…”

Section: Proteinasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least seven genes encode for a family of secretory acid proteinases in C. albicans and the expression of six of these (SPA1-6) is regulated differentially while one gene (SPA7) is not expressed under any conditions so far examined [48]. Different species of Candida appear to secrete antigenically distinct acid proteinases and some species do not appear to secrete proteinases [43,49]. Rabbits infected with C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei did not yield positive results with antibody raised against C. albicans proteinase [47].…”

Section: Proteinasementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of the detection of candidal antigens as a diagnostic tool

Matthews

1996

Med Mycol

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Secretion of acid proteinases by different species of the genus Candida

Cited by 62 publications

References 31 publications

Virulence attributes and genetic variability of oral Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis isolates

Virulence attributes and genetic variability of oral Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis isolates

Aspartic Protease Inhibitors as Potential Anti-Candida albicans Drugs: Impacts on Fungal Biology, Virulence and Pathogenesis

Comparative assessment of the detection of candidal antigens as a diagnostic tool

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