Secondary School Nutrition Policy Compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada: A Follow-Up Study Examining Vending Machine Data from the COMPASS Study

Vine, Michelle M.; Vermeer, Julianne; Romano, Leonardo; Harrington, Daniel W.; Butler, Alexandra; Patte, Karen A.; Godin, Katelyn; Leatherdale, Scott T.

doi:10.3390/ijerph18073817

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…The 3 primary methods to collect data were observational audits (60%), self-reported questionnaires (38%) and interviews with key stakeholders (26%) (Table 6 ). Articles often used more than 1 type of data collection methods and various instruments were used to assess food environments in school settings, for example the COMPASS School Environment Application [ 65 , 66 , 68 , 221 ], the School Health Policies and Program Survey [ 222 – 224 ], and the Health Behaviour and School-aged Children survey [ 64 , 220 ]. In other articles, data collection tools were developed by research teams (some of those articles related to the same study) [ 63 , 223 , 225 – 229 , 247 – 249 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food environment research in Canada: a rapid review of methodologies and measures deployed between 2010 and 2021

Vaillancourt,

Ahmed,

Kirk

et al. 2024

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Numerous research methodologies have been used to examine food environments. Existing reviews synthesizing food environment measures have examined a limited number of domains or settings and none have specifically targeted Canada. This rapid review aimed to 1) map research methodologies and measures that have been used to assess food environments; 2) examine what food environment dimensions and equity related-factors have been assessed; and 3) identify research gaps and priorities to guide future research. A systematic search of primary articles evaluating the Canadian food environment in a real-world setting was conducted. Publications in English or French published in peer-reviewed journals between January 1 2010 and June 17 2021 and indexed in Web of Science, CAB Abstracts and Ovid MEDLINE were considered. The search strategy adapted an internationally-adopted food environment monitoring framework covering 7 domains (Food Marketing; Labelling; Prices; Provision; Composition; Retail; and Trade and Investment). The final sample included 220 articles. Overall, Trade and Investment (1%, n = 2), Labelling (7%, n = 15) and, to a lesser extent, Prices (14%, n = 30) were the least studied domains in Canada. Among Provision articles, healthcare (2%, n = 1) settings were underrepresented compared to school (67%, n = 28) and recreation and sport (24%, n = 10) settings, as was the food service industry (14%, n = 6) compared to grocery stores (86%, n = 36) in the Composition domain. The study identified a vast selection of measures employed in Canada overall and within single domains. Equity-related factors were only examined in half of articles (n = 108), mostly related to Retail (n = 81). A number of gaps remain that prevent a holistic and systems-level analysis of food environments in Canada. As Canada continues to implement policies to improve the quality of food environments in order to improve dietary patterns, targeted research to address identified gaps and harmonize methods across studies will help evaluate policy impact over time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food environment research in Canada: a rapid review of methodologies and measures deployed between 2010 and 2021

Vaillancourt,

Ahmed,

Kirk

et al. 2024

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Strategies for enhancing the implementation of school-based policies or practices targeting diet, physical activity, obesity, tobacco or alcohol use

Wolfenden

McCrabb

Barnes

et al. 2022

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Promoting healthy school food environments and nutrition in Canada: a systematic review of interventions, policies, and programs

Carducci,

Dominguez,

Kidd

et al. 2024

Nutrition Reviews

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Context The school food environment is a critical interface for child and adolescent nutrition, and there is a need to understand existing literature on Canadian school food environments to identify equity gaps and opportunities, and empower decision-makers to plan for future action. Objective Literature on Canadian school food and nutrition interventions, policies, programs, and their effects on diets and nutritional status are synthesized and appraised in this systematic review. Data Sources A search strategy was developed for each database used (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, Cochrane Collaboration, Canadian Electronic Library, BiblioMap), with a combination of free text and controlled vocabulary, for articles published from 1990 to 2021. Unpublished data and grey literature were also searched. Data Extraction Quantitative and qualitative studies with an observational or intervention study design, reviews, or program evaluations conducted in Canadian schools with participants aged 5–19.9 years were included. Key study characteristics and risk of bias were extracted independently by 2 investigators using a standardized tool. Data Analysis A total of 298 articles were included (n = 192 peer reviewed and 106 from the grey literature), which were mostly conducted in Ontario (n = 52), British Columbia (n = 43), and Nova Scotia (n = 28). Twenty-four interventions, 5 nonevaluated programs, and 1 policy involved Indigenous populations. Overall, 86 articles measured and reported on effectiveness outcomes, including dietary intake; anthropometry; knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and physical activity. The literature remains largely heterogenous and primarily focused on nutrition education programs that use subjective assessments to infer changes in nutrition. A key facilitator to implementation and sustainability was community engagement, whereas key barriers were staff capacity, access to resources and funding, and consistent leadership. Conclusions This review provides insight into Canadian school food and nutrition interventions, programs, and policies and uncovers important evidence gaps that require careful examination for future evaluations. Governments must create supportive environments that optimize nutrition for children and adolescents through equitable policies and programs. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022303255.

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Secondary School Nutrition Policy Compliance in Ontario and Alberta, Canada: A Follow-Up Study Examining Vending Machine Data from the COMPASS Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Food environment research in Canada: a rapid review of methodologies and measures deployed between 2010 and 2021

Food environment research in Canada: a rapid review of methodologies and measures deployed between 2010 and 2021

Strategies for enhancing the implementation of school-based policies or practices targeting diet, physical activity, obesity, tobacco or alcohol use

Promoting healthy school food environments and nutrition in Canada: a systematic review of interventions, policies, and programs

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