Secondary radiological findings of osteoid osteoma as muscular atrophy and synovitis in paediatric and adult patients

Abstract

Purpose: Diagnosis of osteoid osteoma may be delayed if secondary radiological findings such as muscle atrophy, oedema in peripheric soft tissue and bone marrow, joint effusion, or synovitis are more severe than the lesion itself. In this article, the purpose was to demonstrate secondary radiological findings of osteoid osteoma in both paediatric and adult patients. This study is one of the very few with such a large case series. Material and methods: Radiological images of 152 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Peri-nidus sclerosis, periosteal reactive bone formation, bone marrow and soft tissue oedema, presence of synovial effusion, muscular atrophy in the affected extremity, osteopaenia, and posture deterioration were noted. Results: Most of the lesions (87.5%) were localised in lower extremity bones. Among all the patients, 56% had extraarticular (65% in paediatric patients) and 44% had intraarticular (69% in paediatric patients) osteoid-osteoma. In 44% of the patients, synovial effusion was presented. In 89.4% of these, osteoid osteoma was localised in the joint. Of the 97 patients who had osteoid osteoma in lower extremities or pelvic bones, 73% had muscular atrophy. In 6% of them muscular atrophy was severe, and they had posture-gait disorder with accompanying osteopaenia. In 48% of the patients, there was reactive periosteal bone formation around the nidus. Conclusions: Secondary radiological findings, such as muscular atrophy, synovitis, posture-gait deterioration, and reactive bone formation in a patient with continuous pain that is relieved by anti-inflammatory drugs may point to an osteoid osteoma.

Intra-articular Osteoid Osteoma of the Olecranon Fossa

“…It was only after the patient obtained an MRI that the diagnosis was made, with findings revealing the intra-articular, expansile osteoid osteoma within the olecranon. A small effusion and synovitis were also present, associated with findings that have been previously reported [17].…”

Current Approaches to Osteoid Osteoma and Minimally Invasive Surgery—A Minireview and a Case Report

“…The typical age of occurrence is 5–30 years [ 4 ]. OO most commonly affects the metadiaphyses of the long bones of the lower limbs, namely, the femur (50%) and the tibia (20%) [ 9 ]. The next most commonly affected areas are the spine (6–20%), specifically, the lumbar, cervical, and thoracic vertebrae, and the sacrum, in descending order of incidence.…”

“…The next most commonly affected areas are the spine (6–20%), specifically, the lumbar, cervical, and thoracic vertebrae, and the sacrum, in descending order of incidence. The posterior spinal column (spinous, transverse, and articular processes, and laminae, pedicles) is the most affected [ 9 ]. The incidence of OO in other areas is significantly less frequent; the upper extremities are affected in approximately 10% of cases [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…The posterior spinal column (spinous, transverse, and articular processes, and laminae, pedicles) is the most affected [ 9 ]. The incidence of OO in other areas is significantly less frequent; the upper extremities are affected in approximately 10% of cases [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Feet bones are involved in approximately 2–10% of cases.…”

“…Feet bones are involved in approximately 2–10% of cases. The involvement of the skull, facial bones, and other areas is extremely rare [ 9 ].…”