Secondary Macronutrients Up-Take, Root Development, and Chlorophyll Content of Local Rice Varieties Grown under System of Rice Intensification (SRI) vs. Conventional Methods

Abstract

A System of Rice Intensification (SRI) create optimal conditions with transplanting widely spaced young single seedlings, organic fertilizer amendment, and water management. In Indonesia the water for irrigating rice is limited, especially in the dry season. An Intermittent irrigation method of rice cultivation aims to reduce water requirements. In Indonesia local rice varieties have the potential to produce high-yielding rice with the intermittent irrigation method to meet food needs. The study aims to determine the suitability of SRI and conventional irrigation techniques on local rice varieties. The research conducted the field experimental with 4 x 2 factorial design, arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications. The first factor was rice varieties, which consisted of 4 varieties, i.e., Rojolele, Cianjur, Mentikwangi and Ciherang. The second factor was the method of irrigation consisting of two kinds, i.e., intermittent irrigation and continuous flooding. Analysis of variance and Duncan's Multiple Range Test at α=5% was used. The results showed that rice variety and irrigation were significantly interacts to the secondary macronutrient absorption and root development. Rojolele with SRI irrigation has higher secondary macronutrient absorption than the Cianjur and Mentikwangi. Calcium nutrient absorption of Rojolele and Ciherang with SRI irrigation was higher than other varieties, whereas Magnesium nutrient absorption of Rojolele with SRI irrigation was higher than Ciherang, Cianjur, and Mentikwangi. Rojolele with SRI irrigation had higher Sulfur nutrient absorption than Cianjur and Mentikwangi. In Rojolele and Ciherang, intermittent irrigation SRI produced longer roots at harvest and more wide root surface area than conventional irrigation, but on Mentikwangi, conventional irrigation produced longer roots and more wide root surface area than intermittent SRI irrigation. The chlorophyll b content of the Cianjur and Mentikwangi were greater than Rojolele. The yield of Cianjur was higher than Ciherang's variety.

Utilization of Shoot Multiplication Medium for In-Vitro Conservation of Vanda tricolor

“…This is because the content of cytokinins and auxins in the liquid organic fertilizer medium DI Grow stimulates shoot formation, cell enlargement, growth and root formation in explants. The results of this study are also supported by the results of research by Isnawan et al [20] that the root length is influenced by the chlorophyll content in rice.…”

Agronomics, Genomics, Breeding and Intensive Cultivation of Ciherang Rice Variety

“…Application of intermittent irrigation method in Ciherang enhanced the rice productivity due to this irrigation method allow the root to grow maximally which increase the absorption of water and nutrient from the soil [23,82,83]. The results showed that the intermittent irrigation has higher productive tiller number, grain yield, grain weight, harvest index, and plant biomass compared to the conventional irrigation with continuous flooding.…”

Agronomics, Genomics, Breeding and Intensive Cultivation of Ciherang Rice Variety

“…Introgression of AG1 QTL from donor parent Kho Hlan On and AG2 QTL from donor parent Ma-Zhan Red and recipient parents PSB Rc82 and Ciherang-Sub1 potentially enhance the germination and seedling growth under flooding condition. Elite rice lines which carrying AG1 and AG2 QTLs showed less lipid peroxidation, higher á-amylase activity that increase the Source: (Baptista et al, 2018;Arief et al, 2018;Asbur, 2013.;Astuti et al, 2013;Biswas et al, 2021;Fitriah et al, 2019;Hazmi et al, 2019;Helina et al, 2018;Ibrahim et al, 2021;Isnawan et al, 2020;Juradi et al, 2017;Kinose et al, 2020;Liang et al, 2021;Nuraeni et al, 2014;Paiman et al, 2021;Rahmawati et al, 2021;Santosa and Suryanto, 2015;Shresta et al, 2018;Susiyanti et al, 2020;Widiasri et al, 2022) starch degradation and improve ascorbate, soluble sugars, and total phenolic content which leading to the higher germination and seedling growth under flooding condition.…”

“…Application of intermittent irrigation method in Ciherang enhanced the rice productivity due to this irrigation method allow the root to grow maximally which increase the absorption of water and nutrient from the soil (Isnawan et al, 2020;Hariyono and Isnawan, 2018;Rock, 2020). The results showed that the intermittent irrigation has higher productive tiller number, grain yield, grain weight, harvest index, and plant biomass compared to the conventional irrigation with continuous flooding.…”