Secondary Emission Enhanced Photoinjector

Ben‐Zvi, I.; Chang, X.; Johnson, P. D.; Kewisch, J.; Rao, T.

doi:10.2172/1061741

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The electron cooling system in RHIC (257,258) is one of the essential upgrades required for eRHIC. The cooling is necessary to reach the luminosity goals for lepton collisions with Gold ions and low (below 150 GeV) energy protons.…”

Section: Erhic: Ring-ring Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Fundamental Structure of Matter With an Electron-Ion Collider

Deshpande

Milner

Venugopalan

et al. 2005

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

155

185

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Section: Erhic: Ring-ring Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Fundamental Structure of Matter With an Electron-Ion Collider

Deshpande

Milner

Venugopalan

et al. 2005

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

155

185

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“…The high average currents generation from traditional photocathodes directly requires high quantum efficiency (QE) cathodes and very powerful lasers. The diamond-amplified photocathode has demonstrated excellent performance for an electron source that promises to support a high average current, low emittance, and highly stable electron beam with a long lifetime [3]. The diamond, functioning as a secondary emitter, amplifies the primary current of a few keV energy that comes from a laser-drive photocathode and a DC structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic study of hydrogenation in a diamond amplifier

Wang

Ben‐Zvi

Chang

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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We recently developed a reliable hydrogenation procedure for the diamond amplifier that assures the generation of a high-current, high-brightness beam. In this paper, we compare room-temperature hydrogenation with that at high temperatures. We identified the factors leading to the decay of quantum efficiency. The optimum temperature for heat treatment ranged from 400-450 C; its superiority was proven in the gain test. Hydrogenated diamond amplifiers exposed to N 2 and air exhibited a good emission after being heated to 350 C; the highest gain we registered in emission scanning was 178. Our systematic study of hydrogenation resulted in the reproducible fabrication of diamond amplifiers.

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“…Many emerging applications of these accelerators, such as free-electron lasers, linac light sources and ion cooling [1,2] require a high quality beam and a high average current. Direct generation of high currents from photocathodes requires highly efficient cathodes and very powerful lasers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Amplified Photocathodes

et al. 2007

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High-average-current linear electron accelerators require photoinjectors capable of delivering tens to hundreds of mA average current, with peak currents of hundreds of amps. Standard photocathodes face significant challenges in meeting these requirements, and often have short operational lifetimes in an accelerator environment. We report on recent progress toward development of secondary emission amplifiers for photocathodes, which are intended to increase the achievable average current while protecting the cathode from the accelerator.The amplifier is a thin diamond wafer which converts energetic (few keV) primary electrons into hundreds of electron-hole pairs via secondary electron emission. The electrons drift through the diamond under an external bias and are emitted into vacuum via a hydrogenterminated surface with negative electron affinity W A ) . Secondary emission gain of over 200 has been achieved. Two methods of patterning diamond, laser ablation and reactive-ion etching (RE), are being developed to produce the required geometry. A variety of diagnostic techniques, including FTIR, SEM and AFM, have been used to characterize the diamonds.

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Secondary Emission Enhanced Photoinjector

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Study of the Fundamental Structure of Matter With an Electron-Ion Collider

Study of the Fundamental Structure of Matter With an Electron-Ion Collider

Systematic study of hydrogenation in a diamond amplifier

Diamond Amplified Photocathodes

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