Second-Wave Critical White Studies

The presence and absence of race in world language education literature

“…Research could also benefit from drawing on interdisciplinary scholarship (Charity Hudley et al, 2020). For example, research on topics such as raciolinguistics (e.g., Flores & Rosa, 2015; Rosa, 2016) and critical whiteness studies (e.g., Jupp & Badenhorst, 2020) that originated in related fields can provide a rich springboard for the WL field to frame and theorize how issues of race apply specifically to the unique WL context.…”

“…Whiteness as an ideology and a socially constructed force creates a systemic structure that positions those racialized as White at the top of the racialized hierarchy and as those with the most power. To maintain this position, white supremacist ideologies create the illusion of a monolithic White culture positioned as normative and the standard by which other racial groups are compared (Jupp & Badenhorst, 2020). Disproportionate political, social, and cultural power and privilege are granted to those who are racialized as White, while racially minoritized individuals face systemic oppression, including marginalization and inequitable access to resources and opportunities.…”

“…Finally, systemic whiteness operates by positioning those who are racialized as White, their languages, cultures, beliefs, and practices as dominant and normative. Individuals who are racially minoritized, their languages, cultures, beliefs, and practices are positioned as deviant from that White norm through a process known as othering (Jupp & Badenhorst, 2020).…”

“…Because whiteness is the standard norm by which other racial categories are measured, it often remains invisible. However, recognizing whiteness is essential to understand how race operates in society (Jupp & Badenhorst, 2020).…”

Nice to Whom?: How Midwestern Niceness Undermines Educational Equity

“…In what follows, we explore the use of Midwestern niceness as a tool used by many white Midwesterners to cool off the heat of racial stress and reinstate a positive sense of racial identity. In particular, we scrutinize how whiteness is performed by white Midwesterners to preserve white comfort (DiAngelo, 2018;Jupp & Badenhorst, 2021;Matias, 2016).…”