Second Phase of Streamflow Experiment at Wagon Wheel Gap, Colo.

Bates, Carlos G.; Henry, Alfred J.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1928)56<79:sposea>2.0.co;2

Cited by 122 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…1. According to equation (1), R/P changes with P/PET and m within the theoretical range defined by the five boundaries of P/ PET ¼ 0, P/PET ¼ N, R/P ¼ 1 (m ¼ 1), R/P ¼ 0 (P/PETo1 and m-N) and R/P ¼ 1 À (P/PET) À 1 (P/PET41 and m-N), which are shown in Fig. 1a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using data on global annual runoff (R) and precipitation (P) (http://www.sage.wisc.edu/atlas/maps.php?datasetid=41&includerelatedlinks=1&dataset=41) and PET (http://www.cgiar-csi.org/ data/global-aridity-and-PET-database), we calculated the global P/PET and hence estimated global m values according to equation (1). The estimated global m values and global wetness index (P/PET) were then used as inputs to equations (2) and (3) to calculate the global sensitivities of R/P to P/PET and m. Finally, the global sensitivities of R/P to P/PET and m were used to calculate the relative contributions of P/PET and m to R/P according to equations (13) and (14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have been conducted throughout the world to address this concern. The paired-watershed experiment (PWE) method 1 , which is believed to accurately quantify the change in water yield caused by vegetation changes, has been widely used in the past century 2,3 . Several reviews of these experiences involving more than 250 PWEs from around the globe have reported that, although forest changes significantly affect the water yield [3][4][5] , the magnitude of any change varies greatly from one watershed to another 6,7 .…”

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Global pattern for the effect of climate and land cover on water yield

et al. 2015

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Research results on the effects of land cover change on water resources vary greatly and the topic remains controversial. Here we use published data worldwide to examine the validity of Fuh's equation, which relates annual water yield (R) to a wetness index (precipitation/ potential evapotranspiration; P/PET) and watershed characteristics (m). We identify two critical values at P/PET ¼ 1 and m ¼ 2. m plays a more important role than P/PET when mo2, and a lesser role when m42. When P/PETo1, the relative water yield (R/P) is more responsive to changes in m than it is when P/PET41, suggesting that any land cover changes in non-humid regions (P/PETo1) or in watersheds of low water retention capacity (mo2) can lead to greater hydrological responses. m significantly correlates with forest coverage, watershed slope and watershed area. This global pattern has far-reaching significance in studying and managing hydrological responses to land cover and climate changes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global pattern for the effect of climate and land cover on water yield

et al. 2015

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“…In the first half of the 20th Century, catchment studies in Continental Europe and in the USA indicated that forestry could reduce total streamflow relative to grassland (Engler, 1919;Bates and Henry, 1928;Keller, 1988;Swank and Crossley, 1988). At first, scientists and engineers in Britain assumed that these findings were not relevant to UK conditions due to physical differences, particularly in climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term water balance (1972–2004) of upland forestry and grassland at Plynlimon, mid-Wales

Marc¹,

Robinson²

2007

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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This paper reviews research into the hydrological impacts of UK upland forestry and updates the water balance of the Plynlimon research catchments for the period 19722004. Comparison of this network of densely instrumented coniferous forest and grassland catchments builds upon previously reported differences in annual evaporation of the two land uses and, most crucially, provides evidence of systematic, agerelated, variations in forest evaporation losses over a managed plantation forest cycle. In comparison with the grassland catchment, the additional water use of the 70% forested catchment fell from 250 to 150 mm yr 1 because of increasing forest age; this is equivalent to a decline from 370 mm to 210 mm extra evaporation from a complete forest cover. At present, with up to half of the forest area felled or only recently replanted, the difference in evaporation between the forest and grass catchments is negligible. Knowledge of the period of maximum tree water use may be critically important for the future management of multi-use forests. This is also being investigated by micro-meteorological measurements at the scale of the forest stand using eddy covariance, in conjunction with the long-term catchment monitoring.

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“…The effects of forest harvesting on hydrology in general and streamfl ow in particular have been the subject of practical concern and scientifi c investigation for decades (Bates and Henry, 1928;Bosch and Hewlett, 1982;Stednick, 1996). Numerous studies have attempted to quantify the potentially negative impacts of different forest practices on hydrology, water quality and aquatic habitat (e.g., Hicks et al, 1991;Macdonald et al, 2003) as well as the potential benefi ts in the form of increased water yield through forest management, particularly in relation to effects on snow accumulation and melt (e.g., Rich, 1972;Gottfried, 1991;Troendle et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%