Seborrheic Dermatitis

Abstract

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic recurrent infl ammatory skin disorder frequently occurring in infancy and adulthood. It clinically presents with sharply demarcated erythematous papules, patches, and plaques with greasy scales primarily affecting areas of high sebaceous gland activity, namely, the scalp, face, upper chest, upper back, and fl exures. Itching can be present. The estimated prevalence of adult seborrheic dermatitis is 3-5 %, with a predilection in men. It has two incidence peaks, the fi rst in the fi rst 3 months of life and the second beginning at puberty and chronically relapsing until the third and fourth decade of life. A higher incidence can be found among patients with HIV infection or neurologic disorders like Parkinson's disease or mood disorders. The etiology and pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis remains controversial. However, the focus is put on the involvement of Malassezia yeasts or fatty acid metabolites of Malassezia , hormones (androgens), sebum levels, A.

The Skin and Natural Cannabinoids–Topical and Transdermal Applications

“…Cannabinoids have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties, highlighting a potential therapeutic role [ 7 ]. The mechanisms by which cannabinoids decrease inflammation and pruritus are diverse and involve CB1/CB2 receptors, chemokines, and an interaction between the endocannabinoid system and the immune system [ 7 , 124 ]. Nam et al showed that a CB1 agonist ameliorates AD in mouse models possibly by decreasing mast cell proliferation [ 121 ].…”

“…In a study with pediatric and adult subjects, a cream containing palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) significantly increased the mean time to the next eruption [ 123 ]. Similarly, in a pilot study, the use of a topical cannabinoid emulsion resulted in clinical resolution and prevented the relapse of mild atopic dermatitis in 80% of patients [ 124 ]. In another study, a cream containing PEA improved itching severity and sleep quality by an average of 60% among subjects [ 125 ].…”

“…As with AD, studies have shown that phytocannabinoids are effective in the treatment of ACD. In a rodent study, the topical application of THC reduced inflammation in ACD by inhibiting keratinocyte-derived proinflammatory mediators (CCL8 and CXCL10) independent of CB1/CB2 receptor activation or inhibition [ 124 ]. Kim et al designed a structurally similar compound to anandamides, which improved epidermal barrier function and suppressed TH2 cytokine expression in mice, also activating CB1 receptors [ 127 ].…”