Seasonal variability in pyrrolizidine alkaloids in<i>Senecio inaequidens</i>from the Val Venosta (Northern Italy)

Eller, A.; Chizzola, Remigius

doi:10.1080/11263504.2015.1054449

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Opuntia stricta contains glochids in the fruit, which cause the eye irritations . Likewise, Senecio inaequidens also causes adverse health impacts as it contains retrorsine, an alkaloid of pyrrolizidine group (Eller and Chizzola, 2016). IAPS like Cortaderia selloana (GISD, 2013;Mazza et al, 2014), Spartina anglica, Caesalpinia decapetala, and Rosa rugosa (Pysˇek and Richardson, 2010) cause skin cuts and injuries owing to their sharp edge and silicate crystal depositions on leaves (Mazza et al, 2014).…”

Section: Impacts Of the Iaps On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Kumar

Singh

2020

Ecological Indicators

273

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Ecological perturbations caused by biotic invasion have been identified as a growing threat to global sustainability. Invasive alien plants species (IAPS) are considered to be one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss and thereby altering the ecosystem services and socio-economic conditions through different mechanisms. Although the ecological impacts of IAPS are well documented, there is a dearth of studies regarding their economic quantification, livelihood considerations, biotechnological prospects (phytoremediation, bioenergy, phytosynthesis of nanoparticles, biomedical, industrial applications etc.) and human health risk assessments of IAPS. In this context, the current panoramic review aimed to investigate the environmental, socio-ecological and health risks posed by IAPS as well as the compounded impact of IAPS with habitat fragmentation, climate and land use changes. To this end, the need of an integrated trans-disciplinary research is emphasized for the sustainable management of IAPS. The management prospects can be further strengthened through their linkage with geo-spatial technologies (remote sensing and GIS) by mapping and monitoring the IAPS spread. Further, the horizon of IAPS management is expanded to ecological indicator perspectives of IAPS, biosecurity, and risk assessment protocols with critical discussion. Moreover, positive as well as negative implications of the IAPS on environment, health, ecosystem services and socio-economy (livelihood) are listed so that a judicious policy framework could be developed for the IAPS management in order to mitigate the human health implications.

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Section: Impacts Of the Iaps On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Kumar

Singh

2020

Ecological Indicators

273

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“…Biotic stress results from so-called pathogen attacks by other living organisms, among these are insects and larger grazing animals, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Whereas, abiotic stress has an environmental background and is commonly initiated by conditions or factors such as heavy UV radiation, draft, wounding, or soil contaminated with salts or heavy metals [ 39 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 ]. In general, plant stress damages the integrity of the plant and is often the cause of limited plant-product quality.…”

Section: Principles Of Plant Pa Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Teschke

Noudeng

Quan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Saturated and unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are present in more than 6000 plant species growing in countries all over the world. They have a typical heterocyclic structure in common, but differ in their potential toxicity, depending on the presence or absence of a double bond between C1 and C2. Fortunately, most plants contain saturated PAs without this double bond and are therefore not toxic for consumption by humans or animals. In a minority of plants, however, PAs with this double bond between C1 and C2 exhibit strong hepatotoxic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, and tumorigenic potentials. If consumed in error and in large emouns, plants with 1,2-unsaturated PAs induce metabolic breaking-off of the double bonds of the unsaturated PAs, generating PA radicals that may trigger severe liver injury through a process involving microsomal P450 (CYP), with preference of its isoforms CYP 2A6, CYP 3A4, and CYP 3A5. This toxifying CYP-dependent conversion occurs primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes equivalent to the microsomal fraction. Toxified PAs injure the protein membranes of hepatocytes, and after passing their plasma membranes, more so the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), leading to life-threatening hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS). This injury is easily diagnosed by blood pyrrolizidine protein adducts, which are perfect diagnostic biomarkers, supporting causality evaluation using the updated RUCAM (Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method). HSOS is clinically characterized by weight gain due to fluid accumulation (ascites, pleural effusion, and edema), and may lead to acute liver failure, liver transplantation, or death. In conclusion, plant-derived PAs with a double bond between C1 and C2 are potentially hepatotoxic after metabolic removal of the double bond, and may cause PA-HSOS with a potential lethal outcome, even if PA consumption is stopped.

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“…Although the standard of analysis at that time may have contributed to the alkaloid value fluctuations, it is rather unlikely that this would be the only explanation of this variation. As it is known from other poisonous plants, site and environmental conditions [ 20 ], season [ 21 , 22 ] and the ontogenetic stage [ 23 , 24 ] are likely to influence the concentrations of the toxic agents as well. Already in 1956, Uotila [ 25 ] reported that marsh horsetail collected in June was more toxic to livestock than the material collected in the autumn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of the Main Alkaloid Content in Equisetum palustre L. in the Light of Its Ontogeny

Müller

Puttich

Beuerle

2020

Toxins

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Marsh horsetail (Equisetum palustre L.) is one of the most poisonous plants of wet grasslands in the northern hemisphere, which poses a major health threat to livestock. Available data on the levels of its main alkaloids are currently contradictory due to the inadequate analytical methods and the wide variation in toxicity levels reported. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the ontogenetic stage of plant development may explain a significant part of the variations in the main Equisetum-type alkaloids. Two populations of marsh horsetail were sampled over two growing seasons. The plant material was classified according to their developmental stages and subsequently the main alkaloids were determined by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. ANOVA revealed significant effects of the ontogenetic stage but not the site on the main Equisetum-type alkaloids (sum of palustrine and palustridiene) ranging from 213 to 994 mg/kg dry matter (DM). The highest alkaloid content was found in the stages of early development. Not the season itself, but the growth temperature co-influenced the alkaloid content. Our results help to resolve the seemingly contradictory information provided by previous studies on the toxicity of E. palustre and are of practical relevance for the prevention of contamination risks in wet grassland use.

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Seasonal variability in pyrrolizidine alkaloids inSenecio inaequidensfrom the Val Venosta (Northern Italy)

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Invasive alien plant species: Their impact on environment, ecosystem services and human health

Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Variation of the Main Alkaloid Content in Equisetum palustre L. in the Light of Its Ontogeny

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