Seasonal Uptake and Partitioning of Macronutrients in Mature ‘Concord’ Grape

Abstract

<jats:p>Understanding how grape (<jats:italic>Vitis</jats:italic> L.) vines store nutrients in permanent tissues, how much nutrient vines take up from the soil, and how nutrients are partitioned and redistributed throughout the plant is critical to the development of sound nutrient management practices. This study investigated the seasonal patterns of macronutrient uptake and redistribution in whole ‘Concord’ grape (<jats:italic>Vitis labruscana</jats:italic> Bailey) vines. The study was conducted in a 42-year-old own-rooted ‘Concord’ vineyard. The site was a furrow-irrigated fine sandy loam. In 2006 and 2007, four vines were excavated at winter pruning, budbreak, three- to four-leaf stage, bloom, veraison, harvest, and postharvest. Each vine was separated into different organs, dried, and weighed to determine biomass, and then ground and analyzed for C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The results showed that the seasonal dynamics of nutrient contents shared a consistent pattern: translocation of nutrients from woody tissues to actively growing organs at the beginning of the season; nutrient uptake from bloom to veraison (P and Mg in 2006), bloom to harvest (N, P, K, and Ca), or veraison to harvest (P and Mg in 2007); and nutrient movement to woody tissues occurring after veraison until leaf fall with no further nutrient uptake. There was a very high accumulation of Ca in permanent structures of the vine, reflecting the high Ca and CaCO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> found in the soils of the region. As a result, the vines had a higher Ca content than all other nutrients throughout the growing season, which is different from findings in other growing areas.</jats:p>

Seasonal changes in nutrient content and concentrations in a mature deciduous tree species: Studies in almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb)

“…A high level of internal recycling can be expected in the growing environment of this experiment in which movement of water below the root zone is minimal and gaseous N losses are small (Schellenberg et al, 2012). In many horticultural perennial crops, fruits have been identified as the greatest sink (Araujo and Williams, 1988;Alva et al, 2006;Cheng and Raba, 2009;Pradubsuk and Davenport, 2010;Roccuzzo et al, 2012). The percentage of tree nutrients partitioned to fruit in almond, however, is much greater than described for crops like apple (Cheng and Raba, 2009) and orange (Alva et al, 2006;Roccuzzo et al, 2012).…”

Nitrogen supply controls vegetative growth, biomass and nitrogen allocation for grapevine (cv. Shiraz) grown in pots

“…The seasonal dynamics of nutrient contents shared a consistent pattern: translocation of nutrients from woody tissues to actively growing organs at the beginning of the season and nutrient movement to woody tissues occurring after veraison until leaf fall with no further nutrient uptake (Pradubsuk and Davenport 2010). Thus, in grapevines, as in other perennial species, N reserves accumulated in the previous seasons play a major role in growth after the winter CSIRO PUBLISHING Functional Plant Biology, 2015, 42, 105-114 phase (Lobit et al 2001;Zapata et al 2004).…”

Soil quality response to cover crops and amendments in a vineyard in Nova Scotia, Canada

“…Hanson and Howell (1995) found that 60% N uptake by established 'Concord' grapevines occurred between bloom and veraison. In a recent study conducted in an own-rooted 'Concord' single-curtain vineyard in Washington St, 90% to 95% N uptake occurred between bloom and harvest (Pradubsuk and Davenport, 2010).…”