Abstract:Our results demonstrate that the effects of temperature on microalgal growth for wastewater remediation can be mitigated somewhat by isolation and careful selection of strains adapted to seasonal wastewater conditions.
“…Dek19 in the present study (Figure 2A). There is a notable similarity to the Chlorella sorokiniana strain (Park et al, 2015) in the unusual ability of Monoraphidium sp. Dek19 to be more productive at 10 8C versus 22 8C, as indicated by cell numbers/mL (Figure 2A).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 87%
“…A recent isolation of algal species growing in wastewater at winter temperatures in Nova Scotia Canada revealed several cool temperature adapted strains including one identified as Chlorella sorokiniana (Park et al, 2015). In several of these strains, biomass productivity at 10 8C exceeded that measured at the warmer temperature of 22 8C.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The wider implication of these findings is that using coldadapted algal strains to phycoremediate wastewater year-round in Northern climates could enable significant cost savings compared to conventional treatments. This is because a major proportion of municipal WRRFs are located in climatic regions where outdoor growth of algae has previously been discounted as impractical due to low winter temperatures (Franco et al, 2012;Park et al 2015;Ugwu et al, 2008). It can be estimated that more than 60% of the approximately 15,000 municipal WRRFs in the United States operate in regions where minimum winter air temperatures can fall to -20 8C or lower (Bluetechresearch, 2014).…”
Present municipal wastewater treatment technologies often require substantial energy inputs, and fail to completely remove nitrate and phosphate before discharging effluent. In contrast, using the cold-adapted oleaginous microalga Monoraphidium sp. Dek 19 decreased levels of both these polluting ions to 0 mg/dL. Concurrent biomass production was greater at 10 8C than at 22 8C, showing that phycoremediation occurred at low temperatures previously thought to be unsuitable for algal-based treatment. Algal growth with uptake of nitrate and phosphate required only short bursts of aeration to suspend cells and maintain CO 2 supply for photosynthesis. To save energy, culture aeration for 1 hour, 4 times per day, including during the dark cycle, yielded cell productivity and phycoremediation nearly equivalent to using 24-hour aeration. The authors conclude that Monoraphidium sp. Dek19 algae represent an economical effluent treatment at cool temperatures found in the high proportion of water resource recovery facilities in geographical areas experiencing cold winters. Water Environ. Res., 90, 1938Res., 90, (2018.
“…Dek19 in the present study (Figure 2A). There is a notable similarity to the Chlorella sorokiniana strain (Park et al, 2015) in the unusual ability of Monoraphidium sp. Dek19 to be more productive at 10 8C versus 22 8C, as indicated by cell numbers/mL (Figure 2A).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 87%
“…A recent isolation of algal species growing in wastewater at winter temperatures in Nova Scotia Canada revealed several cool temperature adapted strains including one identified as Chlorella sorokiniana (Park et al, 2015). In several of these strains, biomass productivity at 10 8C exceeded that measured at the warmer temperature of 22 8C.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The wider implication of these findings is that using coldadapted algal strains to phycoremediate wastewater year-round in Northern climates could enable significant cost savings compared to conventional treatments. This is because a major proportion of municipal WRRFs are located in climatic regions where outdoor growth of algae has previously been discounted as impractical due to low winter temperatures (Franco et al, 2012;Park et al 2015;Ugwu et al, 2008). It can be estimated that more than 60% of the approximately 15,000 municipal WRRFs in the United States operate in regions where minimum winter air temperatures can fall to -20 8C or lower (Bluetechresearch, 2014).…”
Present municipal wastewater treatment technologies often require substantial energy inputs, and fail to completely remove nitrate and phosphate before discharging effluent. In contrast, using the cold-adapted oleaginous microalga Monoraphidium sp. Dek 19 decreased levels of both these polluting ions to 0 mg/dL. Concurrent biomass production was greater at 10 8C than at 22 8C, showing that phycoremediation occurred at low temperatures previously thought to be unsuitable for algal-based treatment. Algal growth with uptake of nitrate and phosphate required only short bursts of aeration to suspend cells and maintain CO 2 supply for photosynthesis. To save energy, culture aeration for 1 hour, 4 times per day, including during the dark cycle, yielded cell productivity and phycoremediation nearly equivalent to using 24-hour aeration. The authors conclude that Monoraphidium sp. Dek19 algae represent an economical effluent treatment at cool temperatures found in the high proportion of water resource recovery facilities in geographical areas experiencing cold winters. Water Environ. Res., 90, 1938Res., 90, (2018.
“…Water samples were collected on different days across summer, autumn, and winter. Variability in recovery may be attributed to the differences in the specific biological composition of water samples, which changes with seasonal temperatures (Park et al 2015 ). Fig.…”
Environmental surveillance of poliovirus (PV) and other non-enveloped viruses can help identify silent circulation and is necessary to certify eradication. The bag-mediated filtration system is an efficient method to filter large volumes of environmental waters at field sites for monitoring the presence of viruses. As filters may require long transit times to off-site laboratories for processing, viral inactivation or overgrowth of bacteria and fungi can interfere with virus detection and quantification (Miki and Jacquet in Aquatic Microb Ecol 51(2):195–208, 2008). To evaluate virus survival over time on ViroCap™ filters, the filters were seeded with PV type 1 (PV1) and/or MS2 and then dosed with preservatives or antibiotics prior to storage and elution. These filters were stored at various temperatures and time periods, and then eluted for PV1 and MS2 recovery quantification. Filters dosed with the preservative combination of 2% sodium benzoate and 0.2% calcium propionate had increased virus survival over time when stored at 25 °C, compared to samples stored at 25 °C with no preservatives. While elution within 24 h of filtration is recommended, if storage or shipping is required then this preservative mixture can help preserve sample integrity. Addition of an antibiotic cocktail containing cephapirin, gentamicin, and Proclin™ 300 increased recovery after storage at 4 and 25 °C, when compared to storage with no antibiotics. The antibiotic cocktail can aid sample preservation if access to appropriate antibiotics storage is available and sample cold chain is unreliable. This study demonstrated that the use of preservatives or antibiotics is a simple, cost-effective method to improve virus detection from ViroCap cartridge filters over time.
“…Small scale and economically viable technologies that combine wastewater treatment and energy production can treat the industrial effluents and enhance the availability of the energy simultaneously [9]. The feasible way that is more attentions in the present time is the use of microalgae, which is known to have the potential to treat wastewater [10] such as removal of CO 2 and NOx [11] and high capacity of nutrient uptake [12]. The idea of using microalgae in wastewater treatment has been investigated since 1950s by Oswald and Gotaas [8].…”
In recent decades, Malaysia has been known as one of the world's leading producers and exporters of palm oil products. Every year, the number of palm oil mills increases rapidly, thus increasing the capacity of fresh fruit bunch waste or effluent discharge. Based on the data from the Malaysian Palm Oil Board in 2012, Malaysia produced 99.85 million tons of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) per year. However, about 5-5.7 tons of water was required in order to sterilize the palm fruit bunches and clarify the extracted oil to produce 1 ton of crude palm oil resulting in 50% of the water turning into palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME is one of the major environmental pollutants in Malaysia. The characteristics of POME and its behavior, if discharged directly, in water are described in this chapter. The suspended solid and nutrient content in POME could be able to support the growth of algae. This chapter aims to demonstrate that POME could be used as a main source for algae production, and this effluent is one of the main environmental problems in the tropical region especially in Malaysia.
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