Seasonal Incidence of Hypertonic Dehydration in Diarrhea of Infants

Bruck, Erika

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100040584008

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The earliest reported effect of climate on serum sodium concentrations originated from a 1969 study of 455 infants admitted to hospital in the United States with acute gastroenteritis. The proportion of cases with hypernatremia was increased in colder months (44% in February vs. 0–27% for summer to fall months, p < .001) 32 . A similar trend was reported by a larger and more recent South African study, describing a prevalence of hypernatremia (serum sodium >150 mmol/L) of 2.5% in February (summer) and 10.8% in August (winter) 34 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…0-27% for summer to fall months, p < .001). 32 A similar trend was reported by a larger and more recent South African study, describing a prevalence of hypernatremia (serum sodium >150 mmol/L) of 2.5% in February (summer) and 10.8% in August (winter). 34 Conversely, Khuffash et al found no consistent relationship between hypernatremia and outdoor temperature or humidity in 60 children admitted to hospital in Kuwait with gastroenteritis, a hotter dry climate zone.…”

Section: Older Populationssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Two studies included participants from a number of unspecified countries within Europe, North America, Asia and Oceania. The first report of an association between serum sodium and the climate was published in 1969 32,50 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first report of an association between serum sodium and the climate was published in 1969. 32,50…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dysnatremia in a changing climate: A global systematic review of the association between serum sodium and ambient temperature

Wootton,

Grossmann,

Warren

2024

Clinical Endocrinology

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ObjectiveBoth hyponatremia and hypernatremia have been reported to occur more frequently with higher ambient temperatures, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Global temperatures are rising due to climate change, which may impact the incidence of dysnatremia worldwide. We aimed to identify, collate and critically appraise studies analyzing the relationship between climate measures (outdoor temperature, humidity) and serum sodium concentrations.DesignSystematic review, reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.MethodsMEDLINE and Embase were searched with relevant key terms. Studies assessing the effect on serum sodium measurement of elevated temperature or humidity versus a comparator were included.ResultsOf 1466 potentially relevant studies, 34 met inclusion criteria, originating from 23 countries spanning all inhabited continents. The majority (30 of 34, 88%) reported a significant association between outdoor temperature and dysnatremia, predominantly lower serum sodium with increased ambient temperature. Humidity had a less consistent effect. Individuals aged above 65 years, children, those taking diuretics and antidepressants, those with chronic renal impairment or those undertaking physical exertion had increased vulnerability to heat‐associated dysnatremia. The risk of bias was assessed to be high in all but four studies.ConclusionsHigher ambient temperature is consistently associated with an increased incidence of hyponatremia. We infer that hyponatremia presentations are likely to rise with increasing global temperatures and the frequency of extreme heat events secondary to climate change. Evidence‐based public health messages, clinician education and reduction in fossil fuel consumption are necessary to reduce the expected burden on healthcare services worldwide.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Older Populationssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first report of an association between serum sodium and the climate was published in 1969. 32,50…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dysnatremia in a changing climate: A global systematic review of the association between serum sodium and ambient temperature

Wootton,

Grossmann,

Warren

2024

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…16 Similar seasonal fluctuations of plasma sodium levels in children with diarrhoea have been reported in other countries. 17,18 Seasonal fluctuations in plasma sodium and potassium levels could be caused by associations with seasonally distributed pathogens that cause different relative water and electrolyte losses, or by confounding factors, such as ambient temperature, migration patterns or health service utilisation. No previous studies were identified that reported on the determinants of the seasonal fluctuations in plasma sodium and potassium disturbances in children with diarrhoea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteropathogens associated with the seasonal fuctuations in plasma sodium and potassium levels in childhood diarrhoea

Wyk

Swingler

2013

Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection

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Original Research: Enteropathogens associated with the seasonal fluctuations in plasma sodium and potassium levels This paper aims to assess the clinical, nutritional, microbiological, environmental and socioeconomic determinants that have a seasonal distribution, or are potential confounders of a seasonal association of previously described seasonal fluctuations in plasma sodium and potassium concentrations in children with dehydrating diarrhoea. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from 15 April 2002 to 14 April 2003 of 350 children aged six weeks to two years admitted to the diarrhoea rehydration unit of a children's hospital in Cape Town. Multiple linear regression analysis showed the plasma sodium levels to be statistically significantly associated with age [-0.3 mmol/l per month of age, 95% confidence interval (CI):

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Hypernatremic Dehydration of Infancy

Paneth¹

1980

Am J Dis Child

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Seasonal Incidence of Hypertonic Dehydration in Diarrhea of Infants

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Dysnatremia in a changing climate: A global systematic review of the association between serum sodium and ambient temperature

Dysnatremia in a changing climate: A global systematic review of the association between serum sodium and ambient temperature

Enteropathogens associated with the seasonal fuctuations in plasma sodium and potassium levels in childhood diarrhoea

Hypernatremic Dehydration of Infancy

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