Seasonal dynamics of shoot nutrients in Schoenus ferrugineus (Cyperaceae)

Ganzert, Christian; Pfadenhauer, Jörg

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.1986.tb01203.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This strategy is especially important on nutrient-poor sites (e.g. Ganzert & Pfadenhauer 1986;Diemer & Pfadenhauer 1987). Therefore, in our study the dominant species, which reduce species diversity in abandoned sites (Güsewell et al 1998;Diemer et al 2001), were repressed more strongly by grazing than by late mowing which resulted in higher evenness values on pastures.…”

Section: Effects On Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 72%

Alternative management on fens: Response of vegetation to grazing and mowing

Stammel

Kiehl

Pfadenhauer

2003

Applied Vegetation Science

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Abstract. The impact of cattle grazing on the vegetation of calcareous fens was compared to the effects of traditional autumn mowing in southern Germany. Vegetation composition was studied in adjacent pairs of fen meadows and pastures with similar environmental conditions and biomass production. Vegetation data were analysed with respect to species richness, species composition and response of species traits to disturbance, including morphology, defence mechanisms, clonal growth form and generative reproduction. Species richness was significantly reduced by grazing, but the percentage of typical fen species or Red Data Book species was not affected by land use type. Detrended Corrspondence Analysis indicated that species composition could best be explained in terms of a land use gradient. Species traits showed a clear trend in their response to land use type. Grazing favoured grasses and small forbs. Only a few species with defence mechanisms against foraging were more frequent or abundant on pastures. Many other species with defence mechanisms, however, did not have an advantage on pastures. Flowering and seed dispersal traits did not respond significantly to grazing or mowing. Species with fast spreading stem derived clonal organs were favoured on pastures, whereas all other clonal growth forms and, particularly, non‐clonal species were more abundant on meadows. More indicator species of wet soil conditions and species adapted to flooding were found on pastures. Grazing can be recommended as an alternative land use to mowing in contrast to abandonment, but a reduction in species richness and changes in species composition and species traits may occur.

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Section: Effects On Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 72%

Alternative management on fens: Response of vegetation to grazing and mowing

Stammel

Kiehl

Pfadenhauer

2003

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…Diemer & Pfadenhauer (1987) explained low densities of fertile shoots in the case of regular mowing by depletion of tussock nutrient pools and injury to tiller primordia. Fallow on the other hand enlarges nutrient pools in individual Molinia tussocks, supported by efficient internal nutrient cycling (Ganzert & Pfadenhauer 1986). That fertile shoot production is not enhanced could be explained by the accumulation of litter, leading to self-shading, which might suppress flowering by inactivating the phytochrome system (Vince-Prue 1983).…”

Section: Influence Of Management On Seed Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of management on the seed production and seed bank of calcareous fen species

Schopp-Guth

Maas

Pfadenhauer

1994

J Vegetation Science

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Abstract. The dynamics of the seed production and seed bank of two dominant perennial species of calcareous fens were investigated in response to different mowing frequency, fallow or pasture. The production of fertile shoots responded strongly to management practices. On sites where mowing alternated with fallow, autumn mowing led to an increase of fertile shoot density in Schoenus ferrugineus and a decrease in Molinia caerulea in the subsequent season. Repeated annual mowing after long‐term fallow raised the density in Schoenus and inhibited initiation of flowering shoots in Molinia. Seed set and viability were influenced mainly by climatic or other factors. Variation of seed production between sites and in consecutive years at the same site could thus be large. The relationship between total seed production and seed bank was weak, but it improved when germination rates were included in the calculation. As the seed bank was generally smaller than the viable seed production, low survival and a high turnover of seeds in the upper soil layers is assumed for both species. Implications for recruitment strategies are discussed.

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“…(2) comparison of covered and uncovered standing dead biomass (Morton 1977, Ganzert andPfadenhauer 1986); (3) data extrapolated from solubility of living leaves and/or throughfall collections (Ostman and Weaver 1982, Chapin and Kedrowski 1983, Boerner 1984; and (4) correlations between litter element concentration and precipitation (Chuyong et al 2000). These approaches, however, do not directly test solubility of recently senesced litter, and their interpretations of solubility may be confounded by a number of factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient‐specific solubility patterns of leaf litter across 41 lowland tropical woody species

Schreeg

Mack

Turner

2013

Ecology

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Leaching is a mechanism for the release of nutrients from litter or senesced leaves that can drive interactions among plants, microbes, and soil. Although leaching is well established in conceptual models of litter decomposition, potential nutrient solubility of mineral elements from recently senesced litter has seldom been quantified. Using a standardized extraction (1:50 litter-to-water ratio and four-hour extraction) and recently senesced leaf litter of 41 tropical tree and liana species, we investigated how solubility varies among elements, and whether the solubility of elements could be predicted by litter traits (e.g., lignin, total element concentrations). In addition, we investigated nutrient forms (i.e., inorganic and organic) and ratios in leachate. Water-soluble elements per unit litter mass were strongly predicted by total initial litter element concentrations for potassium (K; r2 = 0.79), sodium (Na; r2 = 0.51) and phosphorus (P; r2 = 0.66), while a significant but weaker positive relationship was found for nitrogen (N; r2 = 0.36). There was no significant relationship for carbon (C) or calcium (Ca). Element-specific solubility varied markedly. On average 100% of total K, 35% of total P, 28% of total Na, 5% of total N, 4% of total Ca, and 3% of total C were soluble. For soluble P, 90% was inorganic orthophosphate. The high solubility of K, Na, and P as inorganic orthophosphate suggests that these nutrients can become rapidly available to litter microbes with no metabolic cost. Few common predictors of decomposition rates were correlated with element solubility, although soluble C (milligrams per gram of litter) was negatively related to lignin content (r2 = 0.19; P < 0.004). Solubility of elements was linked within a species: when a species ranked high in the soluble fraction of one element, it also ranked high in the solubility of other elements. Overall nutrient-specific patterns of solubility from recently senesced litter emphasize that litter elements cannot be treated equally in our conceptual and empirical models of decomposition. The relatively high potential solubility of P as orthophosphate from fresh litter advances our understanding of ecological stoichiometric ratios and nutrient bioavailability in tropical forests.

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Seasonal dynamics of shoot nutrients in Schoenus ferrugineus (Cyperaceae)

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Alternative management on fens: Response of vegetation to grazing and mowing

Alternative management on fens: Response of vegetation to grazing and mowing

Influence of management on the seed production and seed bank of calcareous fen species

Nutrient‐specific solubility patterns of leaf litter across 41 lowland tropical woody species

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