Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (spring 2011): La Niña returns

Cottrill, D. A.

doi:10.22499/2.6203.006

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Wooster et al, 2003Wooster et al, , 2005 or aerosol optical depth (e.g. Paton-Walsh et al, 2010a, 2012. In order to characterise the major emissions from vegetation fires, all these methods require knowledge of the emission factors for the relevant ecosystem.…”

Section: Paton-walsh Et Al: New Emission Factors For Australian Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All fires were located in New South Wales (NSW) and were conducted by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, often with the assistance of volunteer rural fire services. 2011 was a year with unusually high rainfall (Cottrill, 2012;Tobin and Skinner, 2012) and, despite several burns planned in the region, no fires were successfully sampled. Vegetation types burned in this study included eucalypt woodland forest, banksia/hakea heath and sclerophyll forest, shrub and woodland.…”

Section: Hazard Reduction Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New emission factors for Australian vegetation fires measured using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – Part 1: Methods and Australian temperate forest fires

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Biomass burning releases trace gases and aerosol particles that significantly affect the composition and chemistry of the atmosphere. Australia contributes approximately 8 % of gross global carbon emissions from biomass burning, yet there are few previous measurements of emissions from Australian forest fires available in the literature. This paper describes the results of field measurements of trace gases emitted during hazard reduction burns in Australian temperate forests using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In a companion paper, similar techniques are used to characterise the emissions from hazard reduction burns in the savanna regions of the Northern Territory. Details of the experimental methods are explained, including both the measurement set-up and the analysis techniques employed. The advantages and disadvantages of different ways to estimate whole-fire emission factors are discussed and a measurement uncertainty budget is developed.Emission factors for Australian temperate forest fires are measured locally for the first time for many trace gases. Where ecosystem-relevant data are required, we recommend the following emission factors for Australian temperate forest fires (in grams of gas emitted per kilogram of dry fuel burned) which are our mean measured values: 1620 ± 160 g kg −1 of carbon dioxide; 120 ± 20 g kg −1 of carbon monoxide; 3.6 ± 1.1 g kg −1 of methane; 1.3 ± 0.3 g kg −1 of ethylene; 1.7 ± 0.4 g kg −1 of formaldehyde; 2.4 ± 1.2 g kg −1 of methanol; 3.8 ± 1.3 g kg −1 of acetic acid; 0.4 ± 0.2 g kg −1 of formic acid; 1.6 ± 0.6 g kg −1 of ammonia; 0.15 ± 0.09 g kg −1 of nitrous oxide and 0.5 ± 0.2 g kg −1 of ethane.

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Section: Paton-walsh Et Al: New Emission Factors For Australian Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hazard Reduction Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New emission factors for Australian vegetation fires measured using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – Part 1: Methods and Australian temperate forest fires

et al. 2014

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“…Isotach contours are at 5 m s -1 intervals. Low-level easterly winds were slightly stronger than normal (enhanced trade winds) over the western tropical Pacific Ocean, but weaker than they had been during the preceding spring and summer (Webb 2012 andCottrill 2012), consistent with the weakening La Niña event. Weak westerly wind anomalies were also present over Indonesia and in the eastern Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator.…”

Section: Windsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (autumn 2012): the transition from La Niña to neutral

Martin¹

2013

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“…The means and standard deviations used in the computation of the SOI are based on the period 1933-1992. (Tobin 2012, Cottrill 2012. Values came close to El Niño during winter of 2012 (Pepler 2013), but otherwise, 5VAR values were neutral for the year following.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 80%

Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (autumn 2015): El Niño arrives

Cook¹

2015

AMOJ

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Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (spring 2011): La Niña returns

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

New emission factors for Australian vegetation fires measured using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – Part 1: Methods and Australian temperate forest fires

New emission factors for Australian vegetation fires measured using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – Part 1: Methods and Australian temperate forest fires

Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (autumn 2012): the transition from La Niña to neutral

Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (autumn 2015): El Niño arrives

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