Seasonal characteristics of organic and inorganic species and their size distributions in atmospheric aerosols over the northwest pacific ocean

Matsumoto, Kiyoshi; Nagao, Ippei; Tanaka, Hiroshi; Miyaji, Hideyuki; Iida, Takao; Ikebe, Yukimasa

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(97)00499-8

Cited by 103 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Previous observational studies have reported that organic aerosols also contribute significantly to CCN number concentrations (Navakov and Penner, 1993;Matsumoto et al, 1998). Organics potentially play an important role in regulating the CCN activity of atmospheric aerosols (e.g., Hori et al, 2003), and comprise a substantial fraction (around 20% to 90%) of the submicrometer aerosol mass .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

Iwamoto

Kinouchi

Watanabe

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Size resolved CCN activity and bulk chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols in the submicrometer size range were measured at Noto Ground-based Research Observatory (NOTOGRO), facing the Sea of Japan at the tip of Noto Peninsula, in autumn 2012. In the atmospheric measurement, the CCN efficiency spectra, where the CCN number fraction is plotted against the diameter of aerosols, were obtained for four different supersaturation (SS) conditions. The hygroscopicity parameter κ, which depends on the chemical composition of aerosols, was estimated from analysis of the CCN spectra. The CCN activation diameters of ambient aerosols were clearly larger than those of pure ammonium sulfate under all SS conditions. The bulk chemical composition derived by an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) also indicated the significant mass fraction of organics in the submicrometer size range. The relationship between the estimated κ values and the CCN activation diameters suggests that organics contribute the aerosol mass especially in the size range of less than 100 nm. The contribution of organics observed in this study was more apparent than those of other sites in East Asia. The mass concentrations and chemical compositions of the aerosols varied with trajectory pathway, which caused large fluctuations in κ values especially at higher SS conditions. The negative correlations between organic mass fraction and the diameters of cloud droplet diameters were observed under low SS conditions (0.13% and 0.25%), suggesting that less-hygroscopic organics, that can suppress the initial growth rates of cloud droplets, were included during the periods of large organic mass concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

Iwamoto

Kinouchi

Watanabe

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Likewise PM2.5 means particles that pass through a size-selective inlet with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter. The limit value for the annual average concentration for PM10 is 40 µg/m 3 . The limit value for 24 h averages, which may be exceeded 35 times per year, is 50 μg/m 3 for PM10.…”

Section: The Components Of Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main gaseous components of air pollution include NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, O 3 , NH 3 , carbonyl compounds, and organic solvents (1,2,3,4). On the other hand, PM is made of solid and liquid particles from traffic, industry, domestic heating and various natural sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of particulate matter air pollution on respiratory health and on the cardiovascular system

Pražnikar¹,

Pražnikar²

2012

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

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Particulate matter (PM) is a major component of urban air pollution and hasand also in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) has been observed in developed countries over the last 3 decades (11,12,13,14,15,16). The adverse effect of PM on respiratory health has a quantifiable impact, not only on the morbidity but also on the mortality of respiratory diseases (17, 18). On the other hand the possible association between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and exposure to airborne PM has only recently been addressed. As reviewed in several papers (19,20,21), exposure to PM as a result of outdoor air pollution has become a recognized risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events including cardiovascular mortality, cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial ischemia, and heart failure (22,23,24,25). Additionally, the mortality in cities with high levels of air pollution exceeds that observed in relatively cleaner cities by 15-20 %. Even in the EU, the average life expectancy is 8.6 months lower due to exposure to PM produced by human activities (5,26). In the present review, the components of air pollution are presented and the effect of PM exposure on the cardiovascular and respiratory system is analysed. THE COMPONENTS OF AIR POLLUTIONPM is a major component of urban air pollution and has a major effect on human health, nature and atmosphere. PM10 means PM that passes through a size-selective inlet with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 10 µm aerodynamic diameter (27). Likewise PM2.5 means particles that pass through a size-selective inlet with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter. The limit value for the annual average concentration for PM10 is 40 µg/m 3 . The limit value for 24 h averages, which may be exceeded 35 times per year, is 50 μg/m 3 for PM10. For air quality monitoring purposes, PM10 measurements are most widely used at present. EU Member states were also obliged to gather information on the concentrations of fine PM2.5 particles. The target value of 25 µg/m 3 for PM2.5 entered into force on 01/01/2010 and the limit value enters into force on 01/01/2015 (28). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended limits for the concentration of PM10 is 20 µg/m 3 and 10 µg/m 3 for PM2.5 (29). 2

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“…For decades, the chemical characteristics of water-soluble ionic species in aerosols have been intensively studied in various parts of the world. Despite of differences in both meteorological constraints and emission sources, several studies concluded that Cl -and SO 4 2-are major contributors of WSIS mostly found in maritime aerosols whilst K + and NH 4 + have tended to be the main compositions of those particles originated from biomass and agricultural waste burnings (Allen et al, [30]; Kocaka et al [34]; Matsumoto et al [35]; Osada et al [36]; Park et al [31]). Since particulate NO 3 -is a good indicator of those aerosols derived from traffic emissions and other imperfect combustions of fossil fuels, one can take advantage of binary ratios between maritime and biomass burning WSIS to traffic exhaust originated NO 3 -to classify aerosol types.…”

Section: Impact Of Aerosol Types On Variation Of Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal variation and vertical distribution of carbonaceous aerosols in the southern part of Thailand

Pongpiachan¹,

Pongnailert²,

Ho³

et al. 2014

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Carbonaceous compositions, water-soluble ionic species and trace gaseous species were identified and quantified in Hat-Yai city, Thailand. All samples were collected every three hours consecutively from 21:00 h December 17 th to 21:00 h December 20 th at Site 1 (30 m agl), Site 2 (60 m agl) and Site 3 (125 m agl). The averaged concentration of OC was significantly higher at Site 1 than those detected at Site 2 and Site 3 suggesting that anthropogenic activities at ground level might play a major role in governing air quality at ground level. The main objective of this study is to investigate the vertical distribution of carbonaceous aerosols in Hat-Yai's atmosphere for the first time by using IMPROVE TOC (Interagency Monitoring to Protect Visual Environments Total Organic Carbon) protocol. The morning peak of carbonaceous compositions observed during the sampling period of 06:00-09:00 emphasized the main contribution of traffic emissions on OC/EC contents in Hat-Yai city. In this study, we found that aged maritime aerosols from long-range transportation and/or biomass burning particles overwhelmed carbonaceous aerosols at the top of building. Whilst hierarchical cluster analysis and Pearson correlation analysis show some considerable influences of night-time tourism activities on carbonaceous contents at ground level, principal component analysis highlights Air Pollution XXII 63

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Seasonal characteristics of organic and inorganic species and their size distributions in atmospheric aerosols over the northwest pacific ocean

Cited by 103 publications

References 52 publications

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

Simultaneous Measurement of CCN Activity and Chemical Composition of Fine-Mode Aerosols at Noto Peninsula, Japan, in Autumn 2012

The effects of particulate matter air pollution on respiratory health and on the cardiovascular system

Diurnal variation and vertical distribution of carbonaceous aerosols in the southern part of Thailand

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