Searching for native tree species and respective potential biomarkers for future assessment of pollution effects on the highly diverse Atlantic Forest in SE-Brazil

The role of non‐glandular emergences in Croton floribundus (Euphorbiaceae) upon elevated ozone exposures

“…This retention seems plausible due to the lipophilic nature of both the covering cuticle and terpenoids. However, alterations in the physiological parameters indicated that this resistance may be related to O 3 tolerance by detoxification rather than avoidance (Moura et al 2018), in agreement with the previous reports of higher concentrations of antioxidants and detoxification capacity of this species (Domingos et al 2015, Aguiar-Silva et al 2016. Indeed, Moura et al (2018) suggested that the dense abaxial epidermis pubescence in C. floribundus might reduce O 3 uptake but would not be able to prevent O 3 injury.…”

“…Even considering the efficiency of its antioxidant system (Aguiar-Silva et al 2016), it seems insufficient to deter the oxidative effects of acute O 3 exposure in a situation of emergences removal. This defense is also highly effective in a field situation, explaining the tolerance of this species to oxidative stress in the field (Domingos et al 2015, Aguiar-Silva et al 2016, Moura et al 2018. This fact highlights the relevance of non-glandular emergences as resistance features against O 3 .…”

“…Non-glandular trichomes (plant hairs) and emergences (warts and prickles that differ from trichomes both by their epidermal and subepidermal tissue origin, Evert 2006) are both physical defenses known to act against herbivores and pathogens, drought, heat, freezing, excessive light and UV radiation (Hauser 2014, Kariyat et al 2017). These structures have been considered as a model system to study all aspects of cell differentiation including cell fate determination, cell cycle regulation, cell polarity and expansion (Yang 2008, Yang andYe 2013), and have also been applied as indicators of pollution in environmental studies (Domingos et al 2015). For instance, mutagenic alterations in the number and shape of non-glandular trichomes of Tillandsia usneoides (a rootless bromeliad species), resulting from successive incomplete endoreduplication cycles are caused and positively correlated with the concentration of ozone (O 3 ) in the atmosphere (Cardoso-Gustavson et al 2016), allowing this species to be used as biomonitor (Alves et al 2008).…”

Deriva da aplicação de herbicidas sobre plantas cultivadas e nativas: uma revisão

“…One of the main causes of biodiversity loss in terrestrial ecosystems is occasioned by the expansion of land use for human interests (Giam et al, 2010;Domingos et al, 2015). Although this biodiversity loss occurs due to human interference, appropriate methodological protocols are important in order to assess the potential effects of xenobiotics on the remnants native vegetation .…”

“…Although this biodiversity loss occurs due to human interference, appropriate methodological protocols are important in order to assess the potential effects of xenobiotics on the remnants native vegetation . These protocols are determined by biomonitoring methods, which are based on measurement of selected responses (biomarkers) in bioindicators (Fräinzle, 2003;Domingos et al, 2015), which allows a better interpretation of the ecological relationships involved. Therefore, species of wide regional distribution and differential sensitivity to the pollutant employed are essential both for active and passive biomonitoring (Oliva and Figueiredo, 2005).…”