Searching for applications with a fine-tooth comb

Newbury, Nathan R.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2011.38

Cited by 418 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…An optical frequency comb allows a coherent connection between optical frequencies with 10 15 cycles per second to radio frequencies, accessible and controllable with conventional electronics. The simple concept of optical frequency combs, their ease of operation, reliability, as well as versatility have turned them into a powerful tool that opens new frontiers in various fields of research [1,2,[7][8][9] such as high-resolution spectroscopy, ultra-stable microwave generation, time and frequency transfer, astronomical spectrograph calibration, precision ranging, and, of course, optical atomic clocks. The first demonstration of self-referenced frequency combs relied on passively mode-locked Ti:sapphire lasers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Frequency Comb Generation based on Erbium Fiber Lasers

et al. 2016

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Optical frequency combs have revolutionized optical frequency metrology and are being actively investigated in a number of applications outside of pure optical frequency metrology. For reasons of cost, robustness, performance, and flexibility, the erbium fiber laser frequency comb has emerged as the most commonly used frequency comb system and many different designs of erbium fiber frequency combs have been demonstrated. We review the different approaches taken in the design of erbium fiber frequency combs, including the major building blocks of the underlying mode-locked laser, amplifier, supercontinuum generation and actuators for stabilization of the frequency comb.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Frequency Comb Generation based on Erbium Fiber Lasers

et al. 2016

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“…[11][12][13] However, they are often generated by optical methods, such as mode-locked lasers 14 and microresonators, 15 and the frequency spacing is usually large (e.g., 10 GHz in Ref. 14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These OFCs can be used to precisely measure discrete spectral lines of atomic/molecular transitions based on the beat notes. [11][12][13] However, the large frequency spacing of OFCs does not enable the use all of the comb lines as the sampling points to directly sample a continuous spectrum at the same time. Such sampling would yield low spectral resolution, e.g., 10 GHz corresponds to 0.08 nm at the wavelength of 1550 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

Bao

et al. 2015

Light Sci Appl

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Optical spectral measurements are crucial for optical sensors and many other applications, but the prevailing methods, such as optical spectrum analysis and tunable laser spectroscopy, often have to make compromises among resolution, speed, and accuracy. Optical frequency combs are widely used for metrology of discrete atomic and molecular spectral lines. However, they are usually generated by optical methods and have large comb spacing, which limits the resolution for direct sampling of continuous spectra. To overcome these problems, this paper presents an original method to digitally generate an ultrafine optical frequency comb (UFOFC) as the frequency ruler for spectral measurements. Each comb line provides one sampling point, and the full spectrum can be captured at the same time using coherent detection. For an experimental demonstration, we adopted the inverse fast Fourier transform to generate a UFOFC with a comb spacing of 1.46 MHz over a 10-GHz range and demonstrated its functions using a Mach-Zehnder refractive index sensor. The UFOFC obtains a spectral resolution of 0.01 pm and response time of 0.7 ms; both represent 100-fold improvements over the state of the art and could be further enhanced by several orders of magnitude. The UFOFC presented here could facilitate new label-free sensor applications that require both high resolution and fast speed, such as measuring binding kinetics and single-molecule dynamics.

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“…We demonstrate a dual 3-soliton state with a difference in the repetition rates of the soliton trains that can be tuned by varying the ratio of pump powers in the two directions. Such a system enables a highly compact, tunable dual comb source that can be used for applications such as spectroscopy and distance ranging.Advancements in optical frequency comb technology over the past two decades have enabled applications in a wide range of fields including precision spectroscopy [1], frequency metrology [2], optical clockwork [3,4], astronomical spectrograph calibration [5,6], and microwave signal synthesis [7]. Applications benefit from the high precision of the frequencies of the comb lines and require low noise, stable operation [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate the generation of counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator using a fixed, single-frequency laser. We demonstrate a dual 3-soliton state with a difference in the repetition rates of the soliton trains that can be tuned by varying the ratio of pump powers in the two directions. Such a system enables a highly compact, tunable dual comb source that can be used for applications such as spectroscopy and distance ranging.Advancements in optical frequency comb technology over the past two decades have enabled applications in a wide range of fields including precision spectroscopy [1], frequency metrology [2], optical clockwork [3,4], astronomical spectrograph calibration [5,6], and microwave signal synthesis [7]. Applications benefit from the high precision of the frequencies of the comb lines and require low noise, stable operation [8]. Stabilized low-noise comb sources were first demonstrated using mode-locked solid state lasers and fiber lasers [9,10]. Over the last decade, on-chip optical frequency comb generation using microresonators has seen significant progress and has been demonstrated in several materials including silica [11][12][13][14] [13, 14, 17, 20-22, 27, 29] by sweeping the relative detuning between the laser and cavity resonance from the blue-to the red-detuned [17,30]. The dynamics of mode-locking have been studied using various approaches to control the effective detuning, including laser frequency tuning [17,22,29], power kick [13,14,21], and resonance frequency tuning using integrated heaters [20] or free-carrier lifetime control [27].Recently, there has been interest in studying the nonlinear dynamics of bidirectionally pumped microresonators [31,32]. For the case in which the pumps have unequal powers, the counter-rotating fields experience different nonlinear phase shifts that leads to unequal * Corresponding author: chaitanya.joshi@columbia.edu detuning from the cavity resonances for the clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) directions. Such behavior can lead to bistability [31] and can be exploited to create a gyroscope with enhanced sensitivity to rotation [33,34]. For the case in which such a system can be mode-locked it would result in the generation of two soliton trains with different repetition rates in a single microresonator and thus be used as a dual-comb source in a number of applications [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Recently counterpropagating solitons were generated in silica microresonators using a single laser, frequency shifted using two acousto-optic modulators (AOM's) pumping a single microresonator [32]. The difference in effective detuning was controlled using the two AOM's and leads to a difference in repetition rate for the solitons. While there have also been recent demonstrations of bidirectional modelocked solid state [43] and fiber [44,45] laser cavities, a microresonator-based system could be highly compact and fully integrated onto a chip.In this Letter, we present a novel approach to generating counter-rotating...

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Searching for applications with a fine-tooth comb

Cited by 418 publications

References 27 publications

Optical Frequency Comb Generation based on Erbium Fiber Lasers

Optical Frequency Comb Generation based on Erbium Fiber Lasers

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

Counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator

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