“…Jean Tirole, in a recent interview, criticized these clauses, arguing that "if the platform is guaranteed the lowest price, there is no incentive for you to look anywhere else; you have become a "unique" customer, and so the platform can set large fees to the merchant to get access to you". 4 The growing attention to the economic effects of Price Parity Clauses has attracted a large body of recent theoretical research (Boik and Corts, 2016;Johnson, 2017;Johansen and Vergé, 2017;Edelman and Wright, 2015;Wang and Wright, 2018;Wals and Schinkel, 2018;Ronayne and Taylor, 2019, inter alios), which provides the underpinning of our empirical analysis. A common trait of this literature is that prices are expected to decrease, both in direct channels and on platforms, following the removal but also for their ancient culture, art, architecture, and for their cuisine, which is rooted in the traditional and distinct flavours and foods of the Mediterranean.…”